{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"7fef42038149adc41544183da74a1db47aa04882762385b1ead35441af817fcc","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:04Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011","a837adbde970e80515b4f1e971e5f83b405eceaf54b4b4dbfd9582e49855d872"],"salt":"551e500c07ba02aa933920ec73d8f16e0254235f145327a9aabfb53c1f5933ec","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"grav.evaporation-backreaction.black-to-white","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[{"note":"","parent_revision":"a837adbde970e80515b4f1e971e5f83b405eceaf54b4b4dbfd9582e49855d872","relation":"special_case"}],"plain":"Some quantum gravity models predict that the collapsed matter bounces back, turning the black hole into a white hole that releases what fell in. The predicted lifetime, and therefore any observable signal, depends on poorly controlled quantum effects.","posed_since":"2014","precise":"Loop quantum gravity and related models propose a quantum transition from black hole to white hole (Haggard and Rovelli 2014) with a lifetime scaling between $M^{2}$ and $M^{3}$ in Planck units. Compute the transition amplitude from a well-defined quantum gravity path integral and determine whether this channel dominates over Hawking evaporation. Answer yes or no, with the lifetime as a function of $M$.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"A controlled amplitude calculation fixing the tunneling lifetime, compared with the Hawking evaporation time of order $G^{2} M^{3}/(\\hbar c^{4})$.","status_note":"Lifetime estimates remain model-dependent as of 2026.","title":"Does an evaporating black hole tunnel into a white 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