{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"a1a5b4a5c8f341f94d254f07838f298fd83e3c27e8c2e32e327b3cdc3a01a172","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:05Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011","98346228f946fa34c35c0bba2e57e86bbe58ec683f6d3f7ab0b511bb4587c1bc"],"salt":"0ee1acd611a54bf80122600df7ab3ae3fc64d143f6e24b26a29bdd095a5d4870","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"value","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"hep.dama-modulation.crystal-dependence","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[{"note":"","parent_revision":"98346228f946fa34c35c0bba2e57e86bbe58ec683f6d3f7ab0b511bb4587c1bc","relation":"special_case"}],"plain":"Sodium iodide crystals turn the energy of a recoiling sodium nucleus into light with an efficiency (the quenching factor) that can differ between crystals. If DAMA's crystals differ from the others, a real signal might show up only in DAMA.","posed_since":"","precise":"The sodium recoil quenching factor $Q_{\\mathrm{Na}}(E_{R})$ in NaI(Tl) converts nuclear recoil energy to electron-equivalent energy and has been measured between roughly 0.1 and 0.3 for $E_{R} \\sim 10-100\\, \\mathrm{keV}$, with dependence on thallium concentration. The question is the value of $Q_{\\mathrm{Na}}(E_{R})$ and of the near-threshold light yield for DAMA's own crystals, and whether any value within that range brings the DAMA modulation into agreement with COSINE-100 and ANAIS-112 when compared at equal nuclear recoil energy rather than equal electron-equivalent energy.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"A direct neutron-beam quenching-factor measurement on a DAMA-equivalent crystal (same supplier, Tl concentration and growth), followed by a recoil-energy-matched comparison of the three experiments.","status_note":"COSINUS (Eur. Phys. J. C 2026, arXiv 2512.05980) measured that lower Tl concentration gives a smaller Na quenching factor, confirming crystal dependence.","title":"Does crystal-specific NaI(Tl) response hide a DAMA-only 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