{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"b1d3bfb63e5144aa43fa515ba818daa6416a52dc2a9a29d99e20fc4ab3e15826","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:57Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"621d3c263b5e0fbcb67dee20f269e2ae94de56412eaba18fde0e53b5d95ad73d","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"classification","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"bio.morphogenesis-mechanics.turing-in-vivo","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"partially-resolved","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"In 1952 Turing showed that two diffusing chemicals, one activating and one inhibiting, can make spots and stripes from a uniform start. Whether real fingers, hair follicles and feather buds form this way, or by cells pulling on each other, is settled for few systems.","posed_since":"1952","precise":"For a periodic pattern (vertebrate digits, hair follicles, feather buds, fish skin stripes), determine whether reaction-diffusion of the identified molecules, with measured diffusion constants and reaction rates, satisfies the Turing instability conditions and predicts the wavelength and its change with tissue size, or whether a mechanochemical instability driven by cell traction sets the pattern. Answer: a classification per system with the measured parameters.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"In vivo measurement of diffusion and reaction rates of the candidate molecules plus perturbations of diffusion or traction that shift the wavelength as one model predicts.","status_note":"A Bmp-Sox9-Wnt Turing network was proposed for digit patterning (Raspopovic and co-workers, Science 2014, doi 10.1126/science.1252960), while mechanical patterning was reported for feather follicles (Shyer and co-workers, 2017).","title":"Are periodic tissue patterns produced by Turing reaction-diffusion?","topic_ref":"1fc7baadfebb3e5990870988b8f4fd4fb7386c52c2949629c54fdaf55d58ea7f"},"content_withheld":"false","files":[],"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"1f0c29fd4f75c42e803750c96088d2c7209b92c010e93ce978f9e16a31f86a09","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"id_token":null,"id_token_withheld":"false","envelope":{"attested_hash":"301d930754d052bf43ba05d578b318d0f5d43b7c034b90cef892d40df648f678","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"WRcOT4OXTCOZAcTNhzJRDdMpp_-WErkuygbuu26NxtwUlgNRu8c7w6Sao9YhsYkuxDblFqNeIGh1QuRfQffJCw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"ots":{"attested":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIMB2TB1TQUr9DugXVeLMY0PXUO3wDS5DO-JLUDfZI9njwIDBJFdANH40r4JtVxop5S6OWUPEMBaZQQTDf3fjxLSnoCPEgW6w46A5zg7qp5cBi_kbif7fVhZ_-3VEfSdkl0U08vu8I8CCzS201nhzT0Uf6Lyl7QvlZucMcw4lVPZ4w1b0Zlj_vDwjxIDoFTnMzp_Vf5THXNNRme4UhlspEP-KenRFCZA2QtmXuCPAgIZmr1oBV14qK32Z8OoxgR1pCUfRUj3F3eINJ1grhVscI8CCmv_m6Sd78yyeyzvg_PaWDBher4se85g3i-jwcggnhxwjwIClFw0TkdSOKCN3IIUUX6ew9vhYvAOZdn9bCDtwjveTxCPAgmMxSMgUf5aZiBNROkHFoikSpVjYtpC-itaBXF2xfRSkI8SC5_X58m0IpVwVSlvSNRol5kg0yrDlZeR8GcymoGQHlowjxINIT2A3d_DeKxwK521mnlCvK2wl2UdXYsWFx2YY9xgr-CPAg3v2QXfNkDO6Xzu9061umH0rhjRfHBKza3uG2nPQbpd8I8CCtNZgmApuKULvPC9nsMCaM05arV-F3o5FTlnJCnRvdMgjwIBGYo5Vxy-d7U5zKv5vp3Ii7hJPH_BDLCzA13c47p9q7CP_wCHbghVgOFMuNCPAQPZK2lHbTMqcCYUotzOQcmQjwIJ7ruRIs6HnufKxCpmLUgeUl0aUu0ov4_3PqcppS-bddCPEgI530vHzdwz_3o9jYQ3WablSaV64Wfn7Pmby5WLyI-A0I8QRqwKw78AhITF7Tr3a1xP8Ag9_jDS75DI4sK2h0dHBzOi8vYm9iLmJ0Yy5jYWxlbmRhci5vcGVudGltZXN0YW1wcy5vcmcI8CBXWeNiWFWltfHE0nkDXsVKIykUUwuObhsnN-2fvBt98gjwIM5Vf7j68sOFgVysYMc5S09Hho-fqxYW3oQ4oKUX7JpPCPAgaKHHQB3sdd9w1hu4NMh7vmb-p0X2r4uyVKKCj1G7S28I8SAW2Mg6Bzi9ygjrrjIYB7w90fwMcxH24SsqLmzPyAMGfwjwIMQ863zlveYIpNKWVrZaDOa4vowwoOg2CcTW8gXtxK3dCPEgrZxGGAf-t8jhz_eLMUyBN1IhNrdYDRcNHWvQcwNG9woI8CCVOUHG1YXudbaFIgUYvrCIevRWvb2ubhQAo-z0duD0rQjxIDBeKerVGkO3J2eXDwdraSioXbIWsdIPEN1s8pIwJIS2CPAgV2kB3n3JZ5HwBQjpRL1CWKnqvdCjZk3RcALk6N2wHigI8CB-wbljNlfqElD25uZkNg6taS81YDRU2vfMqGVQ420O9AjxWQEAAAABJM43UU6MLMRrPlCUqossvu1q_knons5yylyWTgxZzWUAAAAAAP7___8CLgABAAAAAAAWABQrYt3E7OllKRCEmL3FL589l78_5wAAAAAAAAAAImog8ATiyw4ACAjxILmbcIO7ixv3pCtwUMZ1VQGKus54F9lZ8-w5ECD5ZuiICAjwIG6ynCyFTLPE7Rgk-0ZGCtBDyqNQx8YvaSZNHy8D8p8jCAjwIMX8zoD2Be1YWvcx_bexVPRmBX0hK-do8b8t9SarimQVCAjxIG6XtpqIEclLlhzcK1LVjqoPGrjjmLnyno8tcETMzECECAjwIF6mlfXOFY51JhrK4eze8zQlKV75OYZYqbtyi8BWxmAsCAjwIKKUcJmVoz-u-geiRV_-ZHdF0VEPXaEPFWf_JX_0e7G2CAjxIGMeD0Z5QWNKBcAEpHht007FFIILW6aSJ8f3CMkKNsneCAjwIBFr6Je8rkB7kwhPGbq0yRgFwZsvW9JhY5sXDRtrq0QwCAjwIAHAwXaus-yUgKICJB5mVvx8VZuJgjwnpb0qWPg1pi6DCAjxIAJhb8cefkVHTAMymdsxa-_i-tUua62LcpALQnPG7R9_CAjwIDvsFqBhPfAL6TCtXZd7gBWmMpx6iiZ-Ug0Jf_LlcstgCAjwIDJRBX6Q0Vge-ra-k1_g76yJWTEp6WWF13I3JpTnsZPJCAjwILykZCbkC9VQgl5gytPKKir6T9nTvKR6y05iWSHBTQgzCAgABYiWDXPXGQED45c78Ah-sGbmQAwfZwjwEAYqxtHnZiPZnJEGPx_JvKsI8SDXkqDg17YsZIrEz5acRx7mBXCKW5mKNgRYnw_-U2cpDgjxBGrArDrwCEfK6Mono428_wCD3-MNLvkMji4taHR0cHM6Ly9hbGljZS5idGMuY2FsZW5kYXIub3BlbnRpbWVzdGFtcHMub3JnCPAg10nyJ6Jn4kshQQQCKE0Lvj3hBC6nLRBVIzaPV4eh8VwI8CCQaAqWlxEbac_XOq1MOlf9iOKHEsxXspzbjK0vLpy8BwjwII3iRbRXUcDxrhAdkZmFlI15nySCSEZ7g922tF1Xln5DCPEgYYvZ1L4v4rPu_UqLfcHPtwSb2OH2GhPgVcVhhH6DpkQI8CDZCIoR20sC-uchP40oAmcLm9EJFV7xzwplj54AeVadXQjxILvLBjPFpCoz29m9Yf2qRnV7PI9GqxE8ozVQfk9QwCqrCPEgZXcMudvEoB_MJ8tqOW2PLTKAIeQBnE-1bfzptRc2gR8I8VkBAAAAAfXq-bmxWqOz7B5wKkwjzHGv2R4s7Y0Z76LqXWYNhmz0AAAAAAD-____Av0cAAAAAAAAFgAUl-skmdZDtn7Hnub6mF4HP2uVn7oAAAAAAAAAACJqIPAE4MsOAAgI8CBDmQsbEXc46Hu8DivhCBM1LGExa4TTM-wo7HpoCVjBTQgI8CCty5vkQtPHzzs8xqArOYhVSjgaDoG1ou3cojv5_P7wQQgI8SDQWB0kdXCTwbk-TqTt0QfRMyzDNLOtU1XXFgvGSRlW8wgI8CC2PKa_QCIBZtrXodq1GdEzppISMsMRDOnzr2gFjLKOAAgI8CCwQ_QF67bcFk_uJ2s0VCZmf5PGIjTmTCpt_qnVY5p_8AgI8SAbzyx7z-oxPMju6PvtQhzrJIQyH2ZAc9oyLuYemzbmZQgI8CC5bh7J74uUk91r8LwybHQFCNBC3PWeuwtMCCNFKWj19AgI8SAf4R2TUNPjaX_PWDUImpoITK0JoW89zaMKnD1wlEEi8AgI8SC2vNmdm7eyP5Ytl1yTzT0njliMdALl1ViKG-s3bG2zswgI8CCpbIVNz1GFVXdJk2zd82hBUoNFFemUPBt7IJdWEOciPwgI8CBtYdRQcrtX1FtCm1SxF7sx-5cO04U8KzbJh8fqBkyReAgI8CBHs2LGmX6gI-lV7yp1RrV7_tGfdiBAwnEFF6B6yXHzAQgI8CATotVmbXBMAixhZ-QKy5Q4lR0FusdA_wcIC1TbB7GmxAgIAAWIlg1z1xkBA-KXOw"],"envelope":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIdIIDnGmwljHZ3-6Hf3gOEpeQS6Cz-1rB_2052du0M6TxIHR5-ZMVuSVmSK6-kjyrwWuyGmsiSOr9PqE3XkeUWrdeCPAgJSvWmVizZWZpE_MmICneT4TWDG9741Pm7kpToBX2mDUI8SDEbrENLbYbjmL0RJxo1Ac94LD26VjSj29yR_iqu5VupwjxIOS0FfDRhWDHilp59rfxg7ZzG8yWO6-cYYNCy98SVnKfCPEg3YdKcOY1QvNYrWKCER1dsvRRQb9B9eOjCI-74SFlBF8I8SDitMsfymWLNWk-B-jJhd5H2rPGu5PRGzDs7rEn_T_i7wjxIDJ0hos791I16AMy4LVAxMlkg0lgruUSZXcAV2eChFLSCPAgY62IgQuQJxN3qyWDdsSTATEfW2keFBOuI8VrhYhkHBMI8SB8izl_Yn9kR2zBmnu-HVjv452ytRQyuNX-opb_OJzg_gjxINBAKCf3cKChW811B6TkfdlxdONUiLQA88uJMnPer4KuCPEgytIBB3x7TFDT-XqOV-9vpqw1NKoAu0dhtsCbAMql2L0I8CCtNZgmApuKULvPC9nsMCaM05arV-F3o5FTlnJCnRvdMgjwIBGYo5Vxy-d7U5zKv5vp3Ii7hJPH_BDLCzA13c47p9q7CP_wCHbghVgOFMuNCPAQPZK2lHbTMqcCYUotzOQcmQjwIJ7ruRIs6HnufKxCpmLUgeUl0aUu0ov4_3PqcppS-bddCPEgI530vHzdwz_3o9jY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