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The open question is how fast the temperature can fall, given limited time or equipment, for the best possible refrigerator.","posed_since":"2017","precise":"For a finite system cooled within time t by a refrigerator of bounded size and Hamiltonian norm, determine the optimal scaling of the final temperature T(t) or ground-state infidelity with t and with resource measures (energy, bath dimension, control complexity), improving the lower bound of Masanes and Oppenheim (Nature Communications 2017) and the Landauer-versus-Nernst cost analysis (Taranto et al., 2023).","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Matching upper and lower bounds on T(t) achieved by an explicit protocol.","status_note":"Lower bounds on cooling time exist since 2017; tight scaling under realistic resource accounting is not established.","title":"Minimal time to cool a quantum system near absolute 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