{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.topic/1","content_sha256":"0553961ce6a269598abd4f04b591a95399a0c005176f8271d6dfefdd12fcbab5","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:50Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":[],"salt":"f3cbfabd4e98e4631c67ad9ebf0fd6a09af0d8a210b2ef28565a1bc0077af2c3","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"topic"},"content":{"external_id":"bio.lc-defects","field":"bio","n":"1","review_cite":"G. P. Alexander, B. G. Chen, E. A. Matsumoto, R. D. Kamien, Colloquium: Disclination loops, point defects, and all that in nematic liquid crystals, Reviews of Modern Physics, 2012","review_link":"https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.84.497","review_verified":"true","summary":"Liquid crystals are fluids of rod- or banana-shaped molecules that line up, as in display screens; where the alignment cannot vary smoothly, line and point defects form. Several recently discovered phases, an old phase transition, and the behaviour of defects in three-dimensional active systems remain poorly understood.","title":"Liquid crystals: new phases and topological defects","topic_ref":null,"why":"Liquid crystals underlie display and photonic technology and are the cleanest laboratory for the topology of ordered media."},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"29d09ff696c4d5fbc16d256673cc371d0985ecc50fd7d3a13d3921e10e53dfd6","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"00b9db824d5a2d028952eec6d6f2875314ba8bbf68aff8aed4cda338e6ae66c8","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"kGh3wDhYWOLBbcpfK1MB8WPqOYA7-w7kt8rwQlCYeQuNi-tl6xHb8uMeBQgZghgpEeUBpu1dGUoDA-gG_ftSBw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"29d09ff696c4d5fbc16d256673cc371d0985ecc50fd7d3a13d3921e10e53dfd6","leaf_index":94}