{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.topic/1","content_sha256":"65eac74356cc45e8f737206a8f13660a1e3fad493e6dab474f6bee1854129af2","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:51Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":[],"salt":"8971676764eb2d6a6f74170efa23e94edf5f486823b8d9eeeea408bf7d32839c","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"topic"},"content":{"external_id":"fluid.shear-transition","field":"fluid","n":"1","review_cite":"M. Avila, D. Barkley, B. Hof, Transition to turbulence in pipe flow, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 2023","review_link":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-120720-025957","review_verified":"true","summary":"Water in a pipe stays smooth at low speed even though tiny disturbances do not grow, and then becomes turbulent in patches that split, decay and spread. Physicists describe this onset as a phase transition similar to the spread of an epidemic, but several of its properties remain unmeasured or unexplained.","title":"Transition to turbulence in shear flows","topic_ref":null,"why":"Transition sets friction and heat transfer in pipelines, blood vessels and on aircraft surfaces and is a test case for nonequilibrium statistical physics."},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"2aa8cdcaa55f798dfb19771ba7be3d165d6aebb316dba50bbe9ddce450fd9038","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"b96ceca3151f90c25cbaafee4a3d4f8d20a6e90bbc767119d5a6d18d0cee3206","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"KZxmG00mBicmm-8qInCXHA76Za8w_EhD4i9C6mm3HLp5x5mc_WeCPhy3uXUJjB1gpVDmeL-653ATn1ZqHo_7CA"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"2aa8cdcaa55f798dfb19771ba7be3d165d6aebb316dba50bbe9ddce450fd9038","leaf_index":220}