{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"756039a3ac8dbb5de0c7725cb44cd5961c490e4e472fd43a3b0ae7447efd41ba","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["2965f29fa64a3f3769c7a0f0c84b892c1aaf6f91365c067552a5be974ff72642","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"d9a6ab4154e2e403df590524a6136f3adc649c816178ca6a07aaccb5e4de5e24","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"cosmo.dark-matter-identity.qcd-axion","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"The axion is a very light hypothetical particle invented to explain why the strong force does not distinguish past from future in a certain way, and it could also be dark matter. Experiments try to convert axions into microwave photons inside strong magnets.","posed_since":"1983","precise":"Does a QCD axion with mass $m_a$ in roughly $10^{-6} \\text{ to } 10^{-3}\\, \\mathrm{eV}$ and photon coupling $g_a-\\gamma$ on the KSVZ or DFSZ model bands constitute $\\Omega_c$? An answer is a haloscope or helioscope detection at a fixed frequency $\\nu = m_a c^2 / h$ with the predicted coupling, or exclusion of the DFSZ band over the mass range favored by post-inflationary production.","problem_ref":"2965f29fa64a3f3769c7a0f0c84b892c1aaf6f91365c067552a5be974ff72642","references":"","settled_by":"Resonant-cavity, dielectric or plasma haloscopes scanning the $10^{-6}$ to $10^{-3}$ eV mass range at DFSZ sensitivity.","status_note":"As of 2025 haloscopes such as ADMX reach DFSZ sensitivity only over narrow mass intervals near a few micro-eV (moderate confidence on the exact range).","title":"Is dark matter the QCD axion?","topic_ref":null},"content_withheld":"false","files":[],"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"2b5953db73083df7ce9b72f27a2cae5d285d579b0beae9a390f1be1da8ce6474","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"id_token":null,"id_token_withheld":"false","envelope":{"attested_hash":"99d9d9143e23c26ff82a36394128e50605758bcda47d3ee783750fd9815faca1","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"175zsP_d7_7tlgHLbAfzIeeXvDZ6pYKPUz6SR9yiCK1CoJVXVaIm6XO2ClFROy_-5WXq1_qC1F-LtBlTAKBECw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"ots":{"attested":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEImdnZFD4jwm_4KjY5QSjlBgV1i82kfT7ng3UP2YFfrKHxIJm8YyV4Lb13zdZgp77bTTQbPFSZzJoaiwjHp__tlNieCPAgl8YiwRmo9uIuV4UEsu8nqiQMm2i-xQ_q3CUyDXvtFHoI8CDeo_3LzUbNsSaOy-QZWOsFZbQF-DFPTG2nqvq77vU7zAjxICJHK-wxUolaiz-KeUrQXxdHwCSR8dP7EXajPFS5kareCPAgn8LCfMTDosgiuh3O61opXuyZ5avhU6ETOA_vBx-YktUI8CD7yNyHEhkPB3vV1H52bRC0WtDlrCzXBQq2kZqjdIYevwjwIO9E9vLicNCLd6CCsrEb4SNwtwTa6tOF5b7BrM_2oqNkCPAgUHOv0mBDZ9d-BqWpjMVqJtWnXrhO30mHNHFZD6dhSq0I8CDKr-9A1x_uMQhhNTqvWvXpPsAsdseP-4IejtAraE3u4AjwIIgwugvlgSNOmTWMhquqetKjeLf0x7d1a1MH4KU52JbFCPAg3mczMYDKOd7Nhf3ojA9ZvuTsN66Y1NnyYTp9j8GKQNwI8SCvAiiN-Hrv7IEejd8wdUihoozu5KOvpoBFJ0vg3UnGAQj_8Ajn9YmozHwo9QjwEJ46aM9ZDv3TdtqV3ZbRsNgI8SBOF8pILGf1kodr5MKmQs6Cd93joraGn3g6UPt_-kewPwjwIOG-gmM7bd_eR4AiDMNfluS3xvr7vicLR-sCBr5qtG2cCPAgrVNFrCoeQcCxhlmnE0BzHgR8HQpZAlfqzDDFzfWb8GUI8QRq0WWT8AjZJ2cF_c7k8ACD3-MNLvkMjiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ_AI9ZMS1zxd7IEI8BDd00WgJZ0RncsC1Fyai_4aCPEgvxMFrnu7F05IW5INiraQ3OVEYMjNx6JfBxw1Q4jPLi4I8QRq0WWS8Ag2zxPAtI5JsP8Ag9_jDS75DI4uLWh0dHBzOi8vYWxpY2UuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZwjxIHAnv4KFFf4uiYEFJvLxiMxSyz8VowJP4roTfDD9h7bICPAgj5tgvbNF7mxSP4jGGE66ezUFRLnI4g1VTkvuV4VtCPAI8CCxlc1HuKORuHgn7DYIYcDhc4oo99OkTWBEvddBypoa7AjwIFcjjaF8kDNDYCZGaNISlRjvX-I7in-QNwsr4JYQbFJvCPAgnl0k4gs7LuY5i1umiHO-J7My3uBThLJUWQoY9LdVSrQI8SA6-Ft11_K_GqMNWYhkVsVqCFvXSYbp4S8JoLsLBnUzvgjxIBC8_mAE7JBP35SNxDBcG7joLJwURpMxdV2vSO64_jEOCPEge04Coj1xSi7CE8UwqiBGNhPyZ5QdD_YZwn-heSdObU4I8SBgdDSgr3VUx1j8m_pK7-OzMwwFgXeLy43ujffCv-hf5AjwIMl-PnAt4xjoBEVU4-nkyN0NKRa9AvX4kEMfllFyIJS9CPFZAQAAAAHz4rV-uwQFg02bVnEMUFgpIdGKjM4tWuID1kTVnrjisAAAAAAA_v___wJURAIAAAAAABYAFBFys2oc0-U-bYrC3VulGLzND5fbAAAAAAAAAAAiaiDwBHLTDgAICPEgMJIBYi46xOIuFDwzJ9nOx14ngW5HbglUf65ORpkoIYcICPAgHgGWEGCDHWgscwT92NOoJ7s-ezbPkyiWr2RnYZDC_dwICPAgtffMyyLu-MscJsDc0dzwGspwSrrmvVAnMNgsgWhHClgICPAgMUl1OfBDUwhp5VZjHwVA0nuz1F5HZTUJCHAnM1L1F3MICPAgStK7UWpnrUueV5EaE7uE0y6BLMp6EANmrbhrTqEBZu8ICPAg5LVW7IHtUL5mNOvPx1hOTfLMmqlQ7t9EFW-KDtrISIQICPAgABgXZ6upFU8qiDQKFtQFpqkjKwl0PsxM4JUjVLlDKbkICPAgEwb96FiOhjlbwI8GFZQ4a5GXwxs4bUdqVOMKrtBWV30ICPEgqBg-wp0c8CAPV9k6J7wIa9_GtQfpWmhpE1zqFZyi2pQICPAg2pZLTVPGJbriiz0UhMytYDVYAXOgQnWDcrMOewK9O8cICPEgxm3QwzbvT4siJzubQGnST67bWv-exYwSPP1KDi7CaUwICPEgm6udUudfjUaM0gUFTylKGDMypj7ptMTG0zmxd_T5yTcICPAgMpOInkjFCVp1pOZhfZnyPAl8hdWGmHzQcrGLgLwSKLgICAAFiJYNc9cZAQPzpjs"],"envelope":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIpGs3VE5jDvy7hIyBSf0Iu9swxzQvj_35IHto2bGbRqLxIKRfIgfI0_K7IZvMsZTqusSSOxyDaHJ534NkJx7xF11-CPAgT6FyQsBI9QW6_K5Vthcq8_PCVi5bxLAvz-BpCelTjvQI8CAXh_Ox1VDUnA0zhueYrRksRR0TQvSGab230HXiZtKNJgjwILgcvvSkXCiVwVrZTM5usQvhkJ4jX6ubHpUp19hsXhNaCPAgq3ERITIMiJSEsDS6anZ450aJVqEdHQvdA_6d-CCRW5cI8CCk3N3LMH3K-61r1IMzflcLf8Oe_lpj5Ewj52td-It57gjwIHExvyo7F9qj3z61fSDvdyatlouUDqqU4ATffdHOplJWCPEgXBC-vhHz95oq2yKKi3ggahpIP6-CNOC1MPNshHV0yjUI8CDKr-9A1x_uMQhhNTqvWvXpPsAsdseP-4IejtAraE3u4AjwIIgwugvlgSNOmTWMhquqetKjeLf0x7d1a1MH4KU52JbFCPAg3mczMYDKOd7Nhf3ojA9ZvuTsN66Y1NnyYTp9j8GKQNwI8SCvAiiN-Hrv7IEejd8wdUihoozu5KOvpoBFJ0vg3UnGAQj_8Ajn9YmozHwo9QjwEJ46aM9ZDv3TdtqV3ZbRsNgI8SBOF8pILGf1kodr5MKmQs6Cd93joraGn3g6UPt_-kewPwjwIOG-gmM7bd_eR4AiDMNfluS3xvr7vicLR-sCBr5qtG2cCPAgrVNFrCoeQcCxhlmnE0BzHgR8HQpZAlfqzDDFzfWb8GUI8QRq0WWT8AjZJ2cF_c7k8ACD3-MNLvkMjiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ_AI9ZMS1zxd7IEI8BDd00WgJZ0RncsC1Fyai_4aCPEgvxMFrnu7F05IW5INiraQ3OVEYMjNx6JfBxw1Q4jPLi4I8QRq0WWS8Ag2zxPAtI5JsP8Ag9_jDS75DI4uLWh0dHBzOi8vYWxpY2UuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZwjxIHAnv4KFFf4uiYEFJvLxiMxSyz8VowJP4roTfDD9h7bICPAgj5tgvbNF7mxSP4jGGE66ezUFRLnI4g1VTkvuV4VtCPAI8CCxlc1HuKORuHgn7DYIYcDhc4oo99OkTWBEvddBypoa7AjwIFcjjaF8kDNDYCZGaNISlRjvX-I7in-QNwsr4JYQbFJvCPAgnl0k4gs7LuY5i1umiHO-J7My3uBThLJUWQoY9LdVSrQI8SA6-Ft11_K_GqMNWYhkVsVqCFvXSYbp4S8JoLsLBnUzvgjxIBC8_mAE7JBP35SNxDBcG7joLJwURpMxdV2vSO64_jEOCPEge04Coj1xSi7CE8UwqiBGNhPyZ5QdD_YZwn-heSdObU4I8SBgdDSgr3VUx1j8m_pK7-OzMwwFgXeLy43ujffCv-hf5AjwIMl-PnAt4xjoBEVU4-nkyN0NKRa9AvX4kEMfllFyIJS9CPFZAQAAAAHz4rV-uwQFg02bVnEMUFgpIdGKjM4tWuID1kTVnrjisAAAAAAA_v___wJURAIAAAAAABYAFBFys2oc0-U-bYrC3VulGLzND5fbAAAAAAAAAAAiaiDwBHLTDgAICPEgMJIBYi46xOIuFDwzJ9nOx14ngW5HbglUf65ORpkoIYcICPAgHgGWEGCDHWgscwT92NOoJ7s-ezbPkyiWr2RnYZDC_dwICPAgtffMyyLu-MscJsDc0dzwGspwSrrmvVAnMNgsgWhHClgICPAgMUl1OfBDUwhp5VZjHwVA0nuz1F5HZTUJCHAnM1L1F3MICPAgStK7UWpnrUueV5EaE7uE0y6BLMp6EANmrbhrTqEBZu8ICPAg5LVW7IHtUL5mNOvPx1hOTfLMmqlQ7t9EFW-KDtrISIQICPAgABgXZ6upFU8qiDQKFtQFpqkjKwl0PsxM4JUjVLlDKbkICPAgEwb96FiOhjlbwI8GFZQ4a5GXwxs4bUdqVOMKrtBWV30ICPEgqBg-wp0c8CAPV9k6J7wIa9_GtQfpWmhpE1zqFZyi2pQICPAg2pZLTVPGJbriiz0UhMytYDVYAXOgQnWDcrMOewK9O8cICPEgxm3QwzbvT4siJzubQGnST67bWv-exYwSPP1KDi7CaUwICPEgm6udUudfjUaM0gUFTylKGDMypj7ptMTG0zmxd_T5yTcICPAgMpOInkjFCVp1pOZhfZnyPAl8hdWGmHzQcrGLgLwSKLgICAAFiJYNc9cZAQPzpjs"]},"log":{"leaf_index":"3130","tree_size":"3804","proof":["e5427237f2cd23d0da0abfca71bfbf7566e86a237127ae4ae940e82108d8fadf","f9ec8d86914c1bbc0e2875a41f16056257e8fc09f13758055278c84067bbd30e","677e94e313fc193a00f2b14cb11fd4cf87521acfff8ad9535187c428ee0252c8","a85c0d1c1e1a18b3ef86950a55e7e281c30cb09dc3d02a87f3f1bcac1a7664c9","f458c4cb19a1340c083a9c983d0813c054567f28cff60fc17a856d6bb45e7f44","fb297e84d6af6ae7b327bef8a69e4931b8e21cc769eba12dc2d9206011273d87","1cf62d02262a3c722086bc88ccf17e14f132c2bbfdf0a4929cea3912b373a3de","5426917e21a76a04dade5c5485f552ff526bc237fdd43d7b4658d73e661cc956","48906313613fdfddd2bd907650210a7f3e59ccb380a2b862e892089f41bcdced","98b5a14b42b3a202b6ef825f66833fa505601404c4c0f14575f3ec922607a858","af34d80d0065c0ab502282775e865492e2cb49c9493f4594d63ba5577922854a","3c578dccc15502c5f3efe228cadc99fee76ab536ed01f66b14d316fdcc157429"],"checkpoint":"pubphys.com/log/v1\n3804\nAK6t4qgu96+M9wScTrIlsJ10d/zhKVEtYguyM3aeJvo=\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwIPP8EtoxgcsQg7V7CwIdL4UKPqJtpv+eB8sFNJjyQHIdyA1VabmBsPyLqq2bLxJPn57rA6fQi8y0QDDjRXHvlQg=\n","promise":"pubphys.com/log/v1 promise\n652b24f98c0651cf3dcfc7c5b7c368c4aa35a1119c11fb5f4e7e83f8c9ec0a57\n3130\n2026-10-15T23:43:57Z\n2026-10-16T01:43:57Z\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwIK9oged38qLnlh/DEw+b4v/DMwE3H1hK3/zgA9F9gESJ1T8yl7DLWpp9xwbNkqNCH/bUlGZWsV8YC+hDBIVTdgo=\n"},"orcid_key_evidence":[],"attesting":null}