{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"fe1d535058ff95261e0ef23b834a50f1707de08757d443e268201528f69b497f","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:07Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"89cd239c692ec8cb07f9368f45e51fbf43dcebd8db9a96137a0fed7bce30493b","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"value","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"med.radionuclide-therapy.small-scale","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Organ-average dose hides the fact that a drug concentrates in particular microscopic structures, such as parts of the kidney filter or pockets of bone marrow.","posed_since":"1995","precise":"Compute absorbed dose at the scale of 10 to 1000 micron in kidney (glomerulus, proximal tubule, interstitium) and in red marrow cavities, including non-uniform uptake and beta particle ranges in tissue of about 0.7 mm mean (2 mm maximum) for Lu-177 and about 2.5 mm mean (11 mm maximum) for Y-90, and relate it to the organ-average dose currently used. An answer is a set of small-scale to organ-average dose ratios with their uncertainty.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Autoradiography or high-resolution imaging of activity distribution in tissue combined with transport calculation, compared against toxicity.","status_note":"","title":"Dose at the scale of nephrons and marrow cavities","topic_ref":"6c8bec8f6507d1401333ef1f0d3b8af96544abd2d55b8980500938f7c5f01fb2"},"content_withheld":"false","files":[],"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"2f5a194688cd84e3da210d42cbcc78897d5639b57e6c70033dfb816fb15dbb27","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"id_token":null,"id_token_withheld":"false","envelope":{"attested_hash":"6a99e4535ebf4cf79df5956ce19886dba7252b22f43ed330d4f1ba2a3133d2b2","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"rsqs7xf95NGRyzljO3RFyr2rOx5W6gBxF4m5V1Iovgpowepdqprm6YLXWEga3ANABFSnjcBha5DRw6nuo3DYAA"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"ots":{"attested":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIapnkU16_TPed9ZVs4ZiG26clKyL0PtMw1PG6KjEz0rLwIGq6yQUawtH3kNyzcdZDo2uj1xk_ZzSKAx9EvvJ8_WiHCPAg_uXUXZqpVCdErAQsMC1qe8sZeRkOYYWl0OwINgAv2qII8SBJHtzRfTd0QDmDGTHKYLo7k0ZLBL-6BfwwrQ6lDOT3pwjxIHW7A8gz48eS6UiadyJ5aOKYxK4fDvrMy7IzjcbDxeKpCPEgRwzrf4kDeBjkygBOZ6F96z9Kr3eFPYvZn9p0juwsEQsI8CBYkw_-BqgF09NnWIP7iRTf_WYRYpi6daujvp1zpMXrmAjxIMufD-sASMRwZ1QAT8_9W4zjme7IudDp4stHqdu8YDpjCPEgP7VjUg8YiqxLJlXzPi_gyM6U9DjD0Yt_ngsXDn9aqYAI8CBPLfD1TsHdjhkyZ9iTm9m5GTCSBT-7GhYUfap1vptsnQjxINBAKCf3cKChW811B6TkfdlxdONUiLQA88uJMnPer4KuCPEgytIBB3x7TFDT-XqOV-9vpqw1NKoAu0dhtsCbAMql2L0I8CCtNZgmApuKULvPC9nsMCaM05arV-F3o5FTlnJCnRvdMgjwIBGYo5Vxy-d7U5zKv5vp3Ii7hJPH_BDLCzA13c47p9q7CP_wCHbghVgOFMuNCPAQPZK2lHbTMqcCYUotzOQcmQjwIJ7ruRIs6HnufKxCpmLUgeUl0aUu0ov4_3PqcppS-bddCPEgI530vHzdwz_3o9jYQ3WablSaV64Wfn7Pmby5WLyI-A0I8QRqwKw78AhITF7Tr3a1xP8Ag9_jDS75DI4sK2h0dHBzOi8vYm9iLmJ0Yy5jYWxlbmRhci5vcGVudGltZXN0YW1wcy5vcmcI8CBXWeNiWFWltfHE0nkDXsVKIykUUwuObhsnN-2fvBt98gjwIM5Vf7j68sOFgVysYMc5S09Hho-fqxYW3oQ4oKUX7JpPCPAgaKHHQB3sdd9w1hu4NMh7vmb-p0X2r4uyVKKCj1G7S28I8SAW2Mg6Bzi9ygjrrjIYB7w90fwMcxH24SsqLmzPyAMGfwjwIMQ863zlveYIpNKWVrZaDOa4vowwoOg2CcTW8gXtxK3dCPEgrZxGGAf-t8jhz_eLMUyBN1IhNrdYDRcNHWvQcwNG9woI8CCVOUHG1YXudbaFIgUYvrCIevRWvb2ubhQAo-z0duD0rQjxIDBeKerVGkO3J2eXDwdraSioXbIWsdIPEN1s8pIwJIS2CPAgV2kB3n3JZ5HwBQjpRL1CWKnqvdCjZk3RcALk6N2wHigI8CB-wbljNlfqElD25uZkNg6taS81YDRU2vfMqGVQ420O9AjxWQEAAAABJM43UU6MLMRrPlCUqossvu1q_knons5yylyWTgxZzWUAAAAAAP7___8CLgABAAAAAAAWABQrYt3E7OllKRCEmL3FL589l78_5wAAAAAAAAAAImog8ATiyw4ACAjxILmbcIO7ixv3pCtwUMZ1VQGKus54F9lZ8-w5ECD5ZuiICAjwIG6ynCyFTLPE7Rgk-0ZGCtBDyqNQx8YvaSZNHy8D8p8jCAjwIMX8zoD2Be1YWvcx_bexVPRmBX0hK-do8b8t9SarimQVCAjxIG6XtpqIEclLlhzcK1LVjqoPGrjjmLnyno8tcETMzECECAjwIF6mlfXOFY51JhrK4eze8zQlKV75OYZYqbtyi8BWxmAsCAjwIKKUcJmVoz-u-geiRV_-ZHdF0VEPXaEPFWf_JX_0e7G2CAjxIGMeD0Z5QWNKBcAEpHht007FFIILW6aSJ8f3CMkKNsneCAjwIBFr6Je8rkB7kwhPGbq0yRgFwZsvW9JhY5sXDRtrq0QwCAjwIAHAwXaus-yUgKICJB5mVvx8VZuJgjwnpb0qWPg1pi6DCAjxIAJhb8cefkVHTAMymdsxa-_i-tUua62LcpALQnPG7R9_CAjwIDvsFqBhPfAL6TCtXZd7gBWmMpx6iiZ-Ug0Jf_LlcstgCAjwIDJRBX6Q0Vge-ra-k1_g76yJWTEp6WWF13I3JpTnsZPJCAjwILykZCbkC9VQgl5gytPKKir6T9nTvKR6y05iWSHBTQgzCAgABYiWDXPXGQED45c78Ah-sGbmQAwfZwjwEAYqxtHnZiPZnJEGPx_JvKsI8SDXkqDg17YsZIrEz5acRx7mBXCKW5mKNgRYnw_-U2cpDgjxBGrArDrwCEfK6Mono428_wCD3-MNLvkMji4taHR0cHM6Ly9hbGljZS5idGMuY2FsZW5kYXIub3BlbnRpbWVzdGFtcHMub3JnCPAg10nyJ6Jn4kshQQQCKE0Lvj3hBC6nLRBVIzaPV4eh8VwI8CCQaAqWlxEbac_XOq1MOlf9iOKHEsxXspzbjK0vLpy8BwjwII3iRbRXUcDxrhAdkZmFlI15nySCSEZ7g922tF1Xln5DCPEgYYvZ1L4v4rPu_UqLfcHPtwSb2OH2GhPgVcVhhH6DpkQI8CDZCIoR20sC-uchP40oAmcLm9EJFV7xzwplj54AeVadXQjxILvLBjPFpCoz29m9Yf2qRnV7PI9GqxE8ozVQfk9QwCqrCPEgZXcMudvEoB_MJ8tqOW2PLTKAIeQBnE-1bfzptRc2gR8I8VkBAAAAAfXq-bmxWqOz7B5wKkwjzHGv2R4s7Y0Z76LqXWYNhmz0AAAAAAD-____Av0cAAAAAAAAFgAUl-skmdZDtn7Hnub6mF4HP2uVn7oAAAAAAAAAACJqIPAE4MsOAAgI8CBDmQsbEXc46Hu8DivhCBM1LGExa4TTM-wo7HpoCVjBTQgI8CCty5vkQtPHzzs8xqArOYhVSjgaDoG1ou3cojv5_P7wQQgI8SDQWB0kdXCTwbk-TqTt0QfRMyzDNLOtU1XXFgvGSRlW8wgI8CC2PKa_QCIBZtrXodq1GdEzppISMsMRDOnzr2gFjLKOAAgI8CCwQ_QF67bcFk_uJ2s0VCZmf5PGIjTmTCpt_qnVY5p_8AgI8SAbzyx7z-oxPMju6PvtQhzrJIQyH2ZAc9oyLuYemzbmZQgI8CC5bh7J74uUk91r8LwybHQFCNBC3PWeuwtMCCNFKWj19AgI8SAf4R2TUNPjaX_PWDUImpoITK0JoW89zaMKnD1wlEEi8AgI8SC2vNmdm7eyP5Ytl1yTzT0njliMdALl1ViKG-s3bG2zswgI8CCpbIVNz1GFVXdJk2zd82hBUoNFFemUPBt7IJdWEOciPwgI8CBtYdRQcrtX1FtCm1SxF7sx-5cO04U8KzbJh8fqBkyReAgI8CBHs2LGmX6gI-lV7yp1RrV7_tGfdiBAwnEFF6B6yXHzAQgI8CATotVmbXBMAixhZ-QKy5Q4lR0FusdA_wcIC1TbB7GmxAgIAAWIlg1z1xkBA-KXOw"],"envelope":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEI_o41c85mzgBhwkdSQhZaNMhfd3CIoYQS5wYhk22PrvHxIP5_Wd7HQK4qB6ElvVHKfuowxmnWPACbdffD2VXJYrcqCPAgCVEbiim0UZW_iqUW1KURmw0BAgLPRXpTo2zU-RHBylMI8SCQeHWQhfmh3LH4Rd1Rbrd5-4CHX68v0bxQ4HydxqKo9gjxIDQ73w_AxJwmnvvbULO-KDocvqaB4NXC2WpDePU3xxpTCPEgNkPCpgpC4zvABOplxFJVZimN2gXfnDVmzm6IlpqCUU8I8SB1gnMuHKjYyYEH6pK5ss4L_8V-WpObC2ME3oNqzzsLJgjxIDw2hg1qdDydhhjH6mZjMdenhwId6zSvMpuoX8MaafOjCPAgwaB6v5-rgNtbRovqByHYFx5vLPaMlAE1dmQXdsyW6UQI8SDWlL7IzfO_cwYxfadaDmoPVp0tptPmw2XmYaU4JMe_wgj_8Ah24IVYDhTLjQjwED2StpR20zKnAmFKLczkHJkI8CCe67kSLOh57nysQqZi1IHlJdGlLtKL-P9z6nKaUvm3XQjxICOd9Lx83cM_96PY2EN1mm5UmleuFn5-z5m8uVi8iPgNCPEEasCsO_AISExe0692tcT_AIPf4w0u-QyOLCtodHRwczovL2JvYi5idGMuY2FsZW5kYXIub3BlbnRpbWVzdGFtcHMub3JnCPAgV1njYlhVpbXxxNJ5A17FSiMpFFMLjm4bJzftn7wbffII8CDOVX-4-vLDhYFcrGDHOUtPR4aPn6sWFt6EOKClF-yaTwjwIGihx0Ad7HXfcNYbuDTIe75m_qdF9q-LslSigo9Ru0tvCPEgFtjIOgc4vcoI664yGAe8PdH8DHMR9uErKi5sz8gDBn8I8CDEPOt85b3mCKTSlla2WgzmuL6MMKDoNgnE1vIF7cSt3QjxIK2cRhgH_rfI4c_3izFMgTdSITa3WA0XDR1r0HMDRvcKCPAglTlBxtWF7nW2hSIFGL6wiHr0Vr29rm4UAKPs9Hbg9K0I8SAwXinq1RpDtydnlw8Ha2koqF2yFrHSDxDdbPKSMCSEtgjwIFdpAd59yWeR8AUI6US9Qlip6r3Qo2ZN0XAC5OjdsB4oCPAgfsG5YzZX6hJQ9ubmZDYOrWkvNWA0VNr3zKhlUONtDvQI8VkBAAAAASTON1FOjCzEaz5QlKqLLL7tav5J6J7Ocspclk4MWc1lAAAAAAD-____Ai4AAQAAAAAAFgAUK2LdxOzpZSkQhJi9xS-fPZe_P-cAAAAAAAAAACJqIPAE4ssOAAgI8SC5m3CDu4sb96QrcFDGdVUBirrOeBfZWfPsORAg-WboiAgI8CBuspwshUyzxO0YJPtGRgrQQ8qjUMfGL2kmTR8vA_KfIwgI8CDF_M6A9gXtWFr3Mf23sVT0ZgV9ISvnaPG_LfUmq4pkFQgI8SBul7aaiBHJS5Yc3CtS1Y6qDxq445i58p6PLXBEzMxAhAgI8CBeppX1zhWOdSYayuHs3vM0JSle-TmGWKm7covAVsZgLAgI8CCilHCZlaM_rvoHokVf_mR3RdFRD12hDxVn_yV_9HuxtggI8SBjHg9GeUFjSgXABKR4bdNOxRSCC1umkifH9wjJCjbJ3ggI8CARa-iXvK5Ae5MITxm6tMkYBcGbL1vSYWObFw0ba6tEMAgI8CABwMF2rrPslICiAiQeZlb8fFWbiYI8J6W9Klj4NaYugwgI8SACYW_HHn5FR0wDMpnbMWvv4vrVLmuti3KQC0Jzxu0ffwgI8CA77BagYT3wC-kwrV2Xe4AVpjKceoomflINCX_y5XLLYAgI8CAyUQV-kNFYHvq2vpNf4O-siVkxKellhddyNyaU57GTyQgI8CC8pGQm5AvVUIJeYMrTyioq-k_Z07ykestOYlkhwU0IMwgIAAWIlg1z1xkBA-OXO_AIfrBm5kAMH2cI8BAGKsbR52Yj2ZyRBj8fybyrCPEg15Kg4Ne2LGSKxM-WnEce5gVwiluZijYEWJ8P_lNnKQ4I8QRqwKw68AhHyujKJ6ONvP8Ag9_jDS75DI4uLWh0dHBzOi8vYWxpY2UuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZwjwINdJ8ieiZ-JLIUEEAihNC7494QQupy0QVSM2j1eHofFcCPAgkGgKlpcRG2nP1zqtTDpX_YjihxLMV7Kc24ytLy6cvAcI8CCN4kW0V1HA8a4QHZGZhZSNeZ8kgkhGe4PdtrRdV5Z-QwjxIGGL2dS-L-Kz7v1Ki33Bz7cEm9jh9hoT4FXFYYR-g6ZECPAg2QiKEdtLAvrnIT-NKAJnC5vRCRVe8c8KZY-eAHlWnV0I8SC7ywYzxaQqM9vZvWH9qkZ1ezyPRqsRPKM1UH5PUMAqqwjxIGV3DLnbxKAfzCfLajltjy0ygCHkAZxPtW386bUXNoEfCPFZAQAAAAH16vm5sVqjs-wecCpMI8xxr9keLO2NGe-i6l1mDYZs9AAAAAAA_v___wL9HAAAAAAAABYAFJfrJJnWQ7Z-x57m-pheBz9rlZ-6AAAAAAAAAAAiaiDwBODLDgAICPAgQ5kLGxF3OOh7vA4r4QgTNSxhMWuE0zPsKOx6aAlYwU0ICPAgrcub5ELTx887PMagKzmIVUo4Gg6BtaLt3KI7-fz-8EEICPEg0FgdJHVwk8G5Pk6k7dEH0TMswzSzrVNV1xYLxkkZVvMICPAgtjymv0AiAWba16HatRnRM6aSEjLDEQzp869oBYyyjgAICPAgsEP0Beu23BZP7idrNFQmZn-TxiI05kwqbf6p1WOaf_AICPEgG88se8_qMTzI7uj77UIc6ySEMh9mQHPaMi7mHps25mUICPAguW4eye-LlJPda_C8Mmx0BQjQQtz1nrsLTAgjRSlo9fQICPEgH-Edk1DT42l_z1g1CJqaCEytCaFvPc2jCpw9cJRBIvAICPEgtrzZnZu3sj-WLZdck809J45YjHQC5dVYihvrN2xts7MICPAgqWyFTc9RhVV3SZNs3fNoQVKDRRXplDwbeyCXVhDnIj8ICPAgbWHUUHK7V9RbQptUsRe7MfuXDtOFPCs2yYfH6gZMkXgICPAgR7Nixpl-oCPpVe8qdUa1e_7Rn3YgQMJxBRegeslx8wEICPAgE6LVZm1wTAIsYWfkCsuUOJUdBbrHQP8HCAtU2wexpsQICAAFiJYNc9cZAQPilzs"]},"log":{"leaf_index":"1724","tree_size":"2123","proof":["c2d8a55b924dffdef8b7f536dd99a19085ca7b51ccbc496b5ab032a27457cc67","c5e86a39ccc0977ab811c18edc6656a43a2c0b5b05471adc95248f53a1796ec2","b6c799d813a640d93bf32b889e25cbce489a3901c5164cafef1f6cb3a94a4ab8","ea3a2dca91b659c6747bc402d6d14202da9b937b402c2f18798a922098b2e243","c9299d44570e331aa5d766872bba37bf8627166110a8ae0d25cc6c1c783a2fc1","6b2dd515d3a78766759c17e51778789fa92b0570824a5d2d87c7f958ac6f6348","7bab5cdbf43016d7b2eecb74cc666c93395111858e7ca7229801aedbba4d59ca","f543c359bec9c0ceb251b6f6155b4dd99c4d9e5b57b3a3d45ac1d4386bdb309f","a8cef064ef9c15524538954d820d60e39424932bbb86df562c6b87106df2eda9","35f1d0a5e69da98f9992a5251e4e3df1933c2f26543c7a40b2681ecfa194443a","2b97406e15e4d451a5450b3b53b677749fe0fa759579146dbfa1544c1e61a0ed","addcf2e0ff7974e4aa99af5e30d409f90d9f4311a4d85f5baf3e125eeb45b4c1"],"checkpoint":"pubphys.com/log/v1\n2123\npXVcluz7BF4vgChQs6lShuU0386gCH0RxrC1sxyE3rI=\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwIOLzsUD22XoTVyTfk/FMVj/u3f3DxZk4V/Ws10KVSS+8WQSwhunQ//EAhyS9Td5CyM0E++85GMezmKd8240j9Q8=\n","promise":null},"orcid_key_evidence":[],"attesting":null}