{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"d2f014ae96d3d5c92d8b7bbae466497d601f5437c2cf860649ad5058022d179e","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:06Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"1915983210ea2aa5c10ff5a691bc5f7b11cf5142a6e9ced920263b24d341fe9f","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"identification","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"med.microdosimetry.predictive-observable","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Dose alone does not predict biological damage for different particle types. The question is which microscopic measure of the energy pattern does.","posed_since":"2000","precise":"Identify a nanodosimetric quantity, such as the ionization cluster size distribution in a volume of 2 to 10 nm, lineal energy on a 1 micron site, or a DNA-weighted energy-deposition metric, that collapses measured cell-survival and chromosome-aberration data for photons, protons and ions of LET from 0.2 to 200 keV/micron onto a single curve. An answer names the quantity and shows the collapse with residuals.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Joint nanodosimeter and radiobiology measurements on identical beams showing one metric that orders all endpoints consistently.","status_note":"Cluster-size based metrics outperform LET in several comparisons, but no single observable has been shown to be sufficient.","title":"Which nanoscale observable predicts biological effect","topic_ref":"72f2e40584d11439e863e00d2c447e82cf67118c73a199c7fc6c190acf8de8c7"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"35672b0de80e49688563501fb603e1d373fd0e8b3659b56722078b8a871523b3","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"cf0fd7dad321643a25552f14eb0a9c6a0b1558768b4447f9565bc5124229838a","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"dCNPF7NWf6Lcm7JIzvPflpqeJviJsgWcYgqcy7O3q3XEYLpoTs-mBnp9gC1uQCszDZbsrl-9ho-n7Zxhl-W5Cg"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"35672b0de80e49688563501fb603e1d373fd0e8b3659b56722078b8a871523b3","leaf_index":1706}