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Which microscopic processes produce both effects at once is not settled.","posed_since":"1998","precise":"In temperature-cycling protocols on spin-glass samples and in large simulations of the $3\\mathrm{D}$ Edwards-Anderson model, identify the mechanism (growing correlation lengths, temperature chaos, hierarchical states) that yields both rejuvenation of the out-of-phase susceptibility $\\chi''(\\omega,t)$ after a step $\\Delta T$ and memory of earlier aging plateaus. An answer is a theory that predicts $\\chi''(\\omega,t)$ quantitatively as a function of $\\Delta T$ and waiting times.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"A model that reproduces measured $\\chi''(\\omega, t)$ curves for several temperature-step protocols with no free parameters beyond equilibrium properties.","status_note":"Large-scale simulations by the Janus collaboration (2023) reproduced memory and rejuvenation and linked them to more than one growing length scale; a quantitative match to experiment is lacking.","title":"Mechanism of memory and rejuvenation in aging spin 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