{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"81b9f2ac83a234e63f1c6f5c16f75680b0c46a1e014638beaf9c13b79954b071","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:54Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"1538ed25cd961ed00af3a60f041220bf0aa41159ebc13ac7bf9bb7c268ecfd86","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"mechanism","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"astro.accretion-jet-launching.qpe-mechanism","kind":"phenomenon","literature_status":"contested","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Since 2019 the centers of some galaxies have been seen to flare in X-rays every few hours to days, like a clock; a leading idea is a star or small black hole repeatedly crashing through the gas disk around the central supermassive black hole.","posed_since":"2019","precise":"Quasi-periodic eruptions (QPEs; GSN 069, RX J1301.9+2747, the eROSITA sources, AT2019qiz) are soft X-ray flares with peak $L \\sim 1\\mathrm{e}42 \\text{ to } 1\\mathrm{e}43\\,\\mathrm{erg}/\\mathrm{s}$ recurring every few hours to about two days, often alternating long and short intervals. Decide among collisions of an orbiting star or stellar-mass black hole with an accretion disk, Roche-lobe mass transfer from an orbiting star, and radiation-pressure disk instabilities. Answer: a mechanism that reproduces timing residuals, flare energies and temperatures, and multi-year evolution of the recurrence pattern.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Multi-year timing of several QPE sources fit by an orbital model with disk precession, together with flare energetics matching the predicted collision or mass-transfer yield.","status_note":"2024: QPEs recurring about every $48\\ \\mathrm{hours}$ were found in AT2019qiz a few years after a tidal disruption event, supporting models in which an orbiting body collides with the disk left by the disruption.","title":"What produces quasi-periodic X-ray eruptions from galactic 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