{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"2eb114c999a13e6216aedd86e7e2325ca158b26c0bd16a5fb23773951b5013d8","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:58Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"9a6545a79f0e30a6ca9097529c383450d83f529cc7002e13ed5016030915342e","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"mechanism","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"chem.electrode-interfaces.sei-formation","kind":"phenomenon","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"In lithium-ion batteries the electrolyte partly decomposes on the negative electrode and forms a thin film, the solid-electrolyte interphase, which passes lithium ions but blocks electrons. Its structure and why it keeps slowly thickening set battery lifetime but are known only roughly.","posed_since":"","precise":"For graphite and lithium-metal anodes in carbonate electrolytes (for example 1 mol/L LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate), determine the nanoscale arrangement of inorganic (LiF, Li2CO3, Li2O) and organic phases in the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), the transport process that sustains its growth (electron tunneling, neutral lithium interstitial diffusion, solvent diffusion through pores), and the resulting thickness law $L(t)$, often reported near $t^{1/2}$. An answer is a model with first-principles rate parameters that predicts $L(t)$ and the measured calendar-aging capacity loss.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Cryogenic microscopy and depth-resolved spectroscopy of SEI composition over aging time, matched by a first-principles growth model.","status_note":"","title":"Structure and growth law of the battery solid-electrolyte interphase","topic_ref":"38ef827c473cdf9120a9ded3eebce465be5b9c1346fcdf8b4d4bf67117c57e38"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"5d17541748cccf289a029d1e3eecda22a3f82b69baf00fa2691e70e7fd684860","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"d36033d2accad647d01d2c9b01ad8f95c395e683e8fbcb9b26209053554cd5b8","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"cK7Zc-JDRDIDh1IyJANY-Jc4i4jvWEzmwXYo6yU9DE1esT-tMKz_u_5tPEeprvwZAdhh0b9RGnMpd-1zY5FZAQ"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"5d17541748cccf289a029d1e3eecda22a3f82b69baf00fa2691e70e7fd684860","leaf_index":865}