{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"668bb3251035bacb0f71dc1484e0818c65cb6d6b96d7edfbabc7433e364b85f7","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:03Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"ddaed57b3ce8624172fcd8ec97a9d8c68b0cc918749008192075f0aabb5d7f54","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"classification","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"earth.venus-divergence.venus-regime","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Venus has few craters, spread almost randomly, so its whole surface is only a few hundred million years old. Whether it was repaved all at once or gradually, and how active it is now, is unknown.","posed_since":"","precise":"The roughly 1000 nearly randomly distributed impact craters imply a mean surface age of about 0.3 to 1 Gyr. Classify the resurfacing history (catastrophic global event, equilibrium resurfacing, episodic lid overturn, plume-induced subduction at coronae) and measure present volcanic and tectonic activity rates. An answer is a resurfacing model consistent with crater statistics and with measured present-day deformation and eruption rates.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"High-resolution radar imaging and repeat-pass interferometry from upcoming Venus orbiters measuring active deformation and eruption.","status_note":"A 2023 reanalysis of Magellan radar images (Herrick and Hensley, Science 2023, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abm7735) reported a changing volcanic vent, implying present activity.","title":"What tectonic regime operates on Venus, and was it resurfaced catastrophically?","topic_ref":"2d563ce4d5d56d2365b73e28ad4b61c690ba87ce44cf2790d484e63faf665432"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"65af424f7d5ee9819e74725841a4d3a0344b103bbf208f0176a2737940fc7847","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"37557a9701d159cf890befa545825cdd34dad561e04088a1e7d0d8a62c006564","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"X0LeFgjU8br0sN4HzPdB45fix6MNkZBWBf2cYzRjExS0yNdfc0trsiSO2UgnBFKo3TIOXJUknzEayn8CyTUUDw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"65af424f7d5ee9819e74725841a4d3a0344b103bbf208f0176a2737940fc7847","leaf_index":1382}