{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"c87f83050eebceea96adbea78d6ba2744a592909788a641bed260ac5ce209004","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b","cff00ad4b461f256f528025a48cf605d41bcdf28b97a318063144f7456c27318"],"salt":"6da21cfbed6fd491fab1b852135e90f381e2fbb0d3e37ad6ea34fde98aa78853","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"value","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"beams.space-charge-halo.max-tune-shift-ring","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"Rings tolerate only a limited spread of particle oscillation frequencies caused by space charge before losses grow; this limit is known only empirically.","posed_since":"","precise":"High-intensity synchrotrons operate with incoherent space-charge tune shift $\\left|\\Delta Q_{\\mathrm{sc}}\\right|$ up to approximately 0.2-0.5 over storage times of $10^{3}$ to $10^{5}$ turns. Derive, from the resonance structure of a given lattice and the periodic resonance crossing caused by synchrotron motion in a bunched beam, the maximal $\\left|\\Delta Q_{\\mathrm{sc}}\\right|$ compatible with emittance growth below 10 percent and loss below $10^{-3}$ over $N$ turns, and compare with CERN PS and SPS, J-PARC and GSI SIS18 data.","problem_ref":"cff00ad4b461f256f528025a48cf605d41bcdf28b97a318063144f7456c27318","references":"","settled_by":"A scaling law or simulation that matches measured limits in at least three rings with differing lattices and storage times.","status_note":"","title":"Maximum tolerable space-charge tune shift in synchrotrons","topic_ref":null},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"717e729156df50d4a786097eabf9982328bc5293119b8c2d1f7883f323f1affb","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"4eefb1f7c52d7dd00c65957dbcd5209630c02f9f63c6fb61ab67de9b6f19e796","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"W_SL4XvKk0sm6JDn7q24wOCgUVmp-_ws7c2YbPqFFdANZqSlOwgcs_1ZUMAptUDWunjKul_drfyVS0yEO9nCCA"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"717e729156df50d4a786097eabf9982328bc5293119b8c2d1f7883f323f1affb","leaf_index":2534}