{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"bda4829fdd2f65636ac03cd22f4947c5e665413c9061cceeba7eff8e9777519e","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["cd0df6c694e7c3f008fad29ed7b10263e57b3298f3e4ab486ef8d73a64ee16fa","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"b817e0813f49a6bf617c72d0df9e397588f396b5809eb9da50dfcd0c297af77a","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"mechanism","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"cm.ferroelectric-polar-textures.polar-nanoregions","kind":"phenomenon","literature_status":"contested","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"In relaxors such as lead magnesium niobate, the dipoles never line up into large domains; instead small polar patches, called polar nanoregions, appear and slow down on cooling. What these patches are and why they form is still argued.","posed_since":"","precise":"In Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)$\\mathrm{O_3}$ (PMN) and $\\mathrm{PMN}-x\\mathrm{PbTiO3}$, diffuse scattering and frequency-dispersive dielectric response (Vogel-Fulcher freezing near approximately 220 K in PMN) indicate polar correlations below a Burns temperature of approximately 600 K. Determine their structure (size distribution and correlation length versus $T$; discrete nanoregions versus a continuous slush of nanodomains) and their cause (random electric fields from B-site charge disorder, random bonds, or local strain) with a first-principles-based effective Hamiltonian validated against diffuse-scattering line shapes. An answer is a model reproducing the diffuse scattering and dielectric dispersion.","problem_ref":"cd0df6c694e7c3f008fad29ed7b10263e57b3298f3e4ab486ef8d73a64ee16fa","references":"","settled_by":"An atomistic model whose computed diffuse scattering and dielectric spectra match single-crystal data over 100 to 700 K without fitted correlation parameters.","status_note":"","title":"Structure and origin of polar nanoregions in relaxor ferroelectrics","topic_ref":null},"content_withheld":"false","files":[],"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"73d98e9abca3127cab48ba65f95e5a28286068999823b24a105b5dbd6fab45be","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"id_token":null,"id_token_withheld":"false","envelope":{"attested_hash":"aa84b255194f8820312b409a58d316f4e4eb920a23314bb481f60246b3c902bd","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"FYQrhK3uNSVCmR65YE2SzWiR7mv3tmYF4xZ2JCkn47zQYqwo5Y_0UQl6z805gdL7oKasNJXwslFN-fDhg9msDg"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"ots":{"attested":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIqoSyVRlPiCAxK0CaWNMW9OTrkgojMUu0gfYCRrPJAr3xIKpt3SoZOgUybj2oYSyGAESXxp-uJsSQ4KKEMYR5eY_QCPAgAfyUru8EF0TdOKDs1WXZYs51NBu97CPocpulAEuY4TkI8SCrrGoe7fh2modhr_mpEPyxSQMPswogiuO6LKa1ObclowjwIE7FDsF3-G2E-nJQYKwILQKBG-aQFgg8bG76DGjOAPDcCPEg1tq-LPJhzeKyJkKf_iTTu8inuP7JPXQq_V9BgdGP_zQI8CBxE9Wk6MLFJeUXmi1vc0RQT-1MKq-8jLGm1dnNLRWohgjxINP2ZPa8YxYLh2uN0R8s8ouNQtfCSJ4bxvF1aKmsxivCCPEgXBC-vhHz95oq2yKKi3ggahpIP6-CNOC1MPNshHV0yjUI8CDKr-9A1x_uMQhhNTqvWvXpPsAsdseP-4IejtAraE3u4AjwIIgwugvlgSNOmTWMhquqetKjeLf0x7d1a1MH4KU52JbFCPAg3mczMYDKOd7Nhf3ojA9ZvuTsN66Y1NnyYTp9j8GKQNwI8SCvAiiN-Hrv7IEejd8wdUihoozu5KOvpoBFJ0vg3UnGAQj_8Ajn9YmozHwo9QjwEJ46aM9ZDv3TdtqV3ZbRsNgI8SBOF8pILGf1kodr5MKmQs6Cd93joraGn3g6UPt_-kewPwjwIOG-gmM7bd_eR4AiDMNfluS3xvr7vicLR-sCBr5qtG2cCPAgrVNFrCoeQcCxhlmnE0BzHgR8HQpZAlfqzDDFzfWb8GUI8QRq0WWT8AjZJ2cF_c7k8ACD3-MNLvkMjiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ_AI9ZMS1zxd7IEI8BDd00WgJZ0RncsC1Fyai_4aCPEgvxMFrnu7F05IW5INiraQ3OVEYMjNx6JfBxw1Q4jPLi4I8QRq0WWS8Ag2zxPAtI5JsP8Ag9_jDS75DI4uLWh0dHBzOi8vYWxpY2UuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZwjxIHAnv4KFFf4uiYEFJvLxiMxSyz8VowJP4roTfDD9h7bICPAgj5tgvbNF7mxSP4jGGE66ezUFRLnI4g1VTkvuV4VtCPAI8CCxlc1HuKORuHgn7DYIYcDhc4oo99OkTWBEvddBypoa7AjwIFcjjaF8kDNDYCZGaNISlRjvX-I7in-QNwsr4JYQbFJvCPAgnl0k4gs7LuY5i1umiHO-J7My3uBThLJUWQoY9LdVSrQI8SA6-Ft11_K_GqMNWYhkVsVqCFvXSYbp4S8JoLsLBnUzvgjxIBC8_mAE7JBP35SNxDBcG7joLJwURpMxdV2vSO64_jEOCPEge04Coj1xSi7CE8UwqiBGNhPyZ5QdD_YZwn-heSdObU4I8SBgdDSgr3VUx1j8m_pK7-OzMwwFgXeLy43ujffCv-hf5AjwIMl-PnAt4xjoBEVU4-nkyN0NKRa9AvX4kEMfllFyIJS9CPFZAQAAAAHz4rV-uwQFg02bVnEMUFgpIdGKjM4tWuID1kTVnrjisAAAAAAA_v___wJURAIAAAAAABYAFBFys2oc0-U-bYrC3VulGLzND5fbAAAAAAAAAAAiaiDwBHLTDgAICPEgMJIBYi46xOIuFDwzJ9nOx14ngW5HbglUf65ORpkoIYcICPAgHgGWEGCDHWgscwT92NOoJ7s-ezbPkyiWr2RnYZDC_dwICPAgtffMyyLu-MscJsDc0dzwGspwSrrmvVAnMNgsgWhHClgICPAgMUl1OfBDUwhp5VZjHwVA0nuz1F5HZTUJCHAnM1L1F3MICPAgStK7UWpnrUueV5EaE7uE0y6BLMp6EANmrbhrTqEBZu8ICPAg5LVW7IHtUL5mNOvPx1hOTfLMmqlQ7t9EFW-KDtrISIQICPAgABgXZ6upFU8qiDQKFtQFpqkjKwl0PsxM4JUjVLlDKbkICPAgEwb96FiOhjlbwI8GFZQ4a5GXwxs4bUdqVOMKrtBWV30ICPEgqBg-wp0c8CAPV9k6J7wIa9_GtQfpWmhpE1zqFZyi2pQICPAg2pZLTVPGJbriiz0UhMytYDVYAXOgQnWDcrMOewK9O8cICPEgxm3QwzbvT4siJzubQGnST67bWv-exYwSPP1KDi7CaUwICPEgm6udUudfjUaM0gUFTylKGDMypj7ptMTG0zmxd_T5yTcICPAgMpOInkjFCVp1pOZhfZnyPAl8hdWGmHzQcrGLgLwSKLgICAAFiJYNc9cZAQPzpjs"],"envelope":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEI7dTcN0x3_4g4C2Sli__iPHexnX9cgY36MUoIGbTuXfDwIO3uuSbdPz9oYcKZ6QnSfPRBbqByYeFSFj-a1j44gKnOCPEg0B07si0g_U3dk4XURy6WUtdFMs5BqImXTmv0TKnuJkUI8SBFoplRVaq8qa6ROSpBXi9xbBysoXd6R5D0fdVSgGSURQjwILVVxY-E-yEbunZ5HYRekv9CqmTuvmnx17GcAYvHmDWnCPEgpvctMuOG0vi_RUSine2LaKRo1ILLs6woM89dH9lE658I8CCCDXmUkeZqehiMAWCcQvv2JoH5u99QWPiBX1MRN-pP3QjwIMH_9aFK1xnp4BXFZuvdPeSXUB5AoGY62wnaRIKCKFSbCPAgdC7SAy2fK-S3eSva7tx7owCrlOOu0_v14gC5EshI7qAI8SBFZ7nkuh-5IaK75jNF2I3u9gWIJeTINL1f_rXWP5TwxwjxIK8CKI34eu_sgR6N3zB1SKGijO7ko6-mgEUnS-DdScYBCP_wCOf1iajMfCj1CPAQnjpoz1kO_dN22pXdltGw2AjxIE4XykgsZ_WSh2vkwqZCzoJ33eOitoafeDpQ-3_6R7A_CPAg4b6CYztt395HgCIMw1-W5LfG-vu-JwtH6wIGvmq0bZwI8CCtU0WsKh5BwLGGWacTQHMeBHwdClkCV-rMMMXN9ZvwZQjxBGrRZZPwCNknZwX9zuTwAIPf4w0u-QyOLCtodHRwczovL2JvYi5idGMuY2FsZW5kYXIub3BlbnRpbWVzdGFtcHMub3Jn8Aj1kxLXPF3sgQjwEN3TRaAlnRGdywLUXJqL_hoI8SC_EwWue7sXTkhbkg2KtpDc5URgyM3Hol8HHDVDiM8uLgjxBGrRZZLwCDbPE8C0jkmw_wCD3-MNLvkMji4taHR0cHM6Ly9hbGljZS5idGMuY2FsZW5kYXIub3BlbnRpbWVzdGFtcHMub3JnCPEgcCe_goUV_i6JgQUm8vGIzFLLPxWjAk_iuhN8MP2HtsgI8CCPm2C9s0XubFI_iMYYTrp7NQVEucjiDVVOS-5XhW0I8AjwILGVzUe4o5G4eCfsNghhwOFziij306RNYES910HKmhrsCPAgVyONoXyQM0NgJkZo0hKVGO9f4juKf5A3CyvglhBsUm8I8CCeXSTiCzsu5jmLW6aIc74nszLe4FOEslRZChj0t1VKtAjxIDr4W3XX8r8aow1ZiGRWxWoIW9dJhunhLwmguwsGdTO-CPEgELz-YATskE_flI3EMFwbuOgsnBRGkzF1Xa9I7rj-MQ4I8SB7TgKiPXFKLsITxTCqIEY2E_JnlB0P9hnCf6F5J05tTgjxIGB0NKCvdVTHWPyb-krv47MzDAWBd4vLje6N98K_6F_kCPAgyX4-cC3jGOgERVTj6eTI3Q0pFr0C9fiQQx-WUXIglL0I8VkBAAAAAfPitX67BAWDTZtWcQxQWCkh0YqMzi1a4gPWRNWeuOKwAAAAAAD-____AlREAgAAAAAAFgAUEXKzahzT5T5tisLdW6UYvM0Pl9sAAAAAAAAAACJqIPAEctMOAAgI8SAwkgFiLjrE4i4UPDMn2c7HXieBbkduCVR_rk5GmSghhwgI8CAeAZYQYIMdaCxzBP3Y06gnuz57Ns-TKJavZGdhkML93AgI8CC198zLIu74yxwmwNzR3PAaynBKuua9UCcw2CyBaEcKWAgI8CAxSXU58ENTCGnlVmMfBUDSe7PUXkdlNQkIcCczUvUXcwgI8CBK0rtRametS55XkRoTu4TTLoEsynoQA2atuGtOoQFm7wgI8CDktVbsge1QvmY068_HWE5N8syaqVDu30QVb4oO2shIhAgI8CAAGBdnq6kVTyqINAoW1AWmqSMrCXQ-zEzglSNUuUMpuQgI8CATBv3oWI6GOVvAjwYVlDhrkZfDGzhtR2pU4wqu0FZXfQgI8SCoGD7CnRzwIA9X2TonvAhr38a1B-laaGkTXOoVnKLalAgI8CDalktNU8YluuKLPRSEzK1gNVgBc6BCdYNysw57Ar07xwgI8SDGbdDDNu9PiyInO5tAadJPrtta_57FjBI8_UoOLsJpTAgI8SCbq51S51-NRozSBQVPKUoYMzKmPum0xMbTObF39PnJNwgI8CAyk4ieSMUJWnWk5mF9mfI8CXyF1YaYfNBysYuAvBIouAgIAAWIlg1z1xkBA_OmOw"]},"log":{"leaf_index":"2790","tree_size":"3804","proof":["ad7f00db979523bfd2f99efd09aae91bae3490c2e288693c5758401dad428c4c","bfd8942b8ab0f7f83fb4b4f7a0bd4dd651d6484c922ef49d1c84e28376d062fe","6d9167dab486276f16a24a04f911382d0a910777402be3d779fb6af937919787","c9f9cdb37848f7ca4ac02b80ac17a8242a10537f293ec18f44292875d156dd50","14e407fb9ebfb0d258b60101d4db028279fce1e1a264b7eea11968328854efc7","b080dd7b5efc004f204b06c32d21ac48205e16bf786f40b6bb3859f5609f2dc7","4e30cd04a4d17da6f4cb94b533f103f36615770fb4ea7efa838766f685caf048","be758823123efe95d86a912db94fd4ffa5f7f16fd3feb7f5931c6aa849420fa0","c5dbfd47d4733f672f10a08c156fed0942802569cf36e89d6af3957344f7d18d","b0b232078d071c92816af6274529aef23a2ea1f41246694fec32d768cfa09dc8","325287f5a43e4f3ad4072ec4bd53d43c50c1393021a056122e9cb0fad83b868f","3c578dccc15502c5f3efe228cadc99fee76ab536ed01f66b14d316fdcc157429"],"checkpoint":"pubphys.com/log/v1\n3804\nAK6t4qgu96+M9wScTrIlsJ10d/zhKVEtYguyM3aeJvo=\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwIPP8EtoxgcsQg7V7CwIdL4UKPqJtpv+eB8sFNJjyQHIdyA1VabmBsPyLqq2bLxJPn57rA6fQi8y0QDDjRXHvlQg=\n","promise":"pubphys.com/log/v1 promise\n98705bed1a99a0ff46af78856e8d0e776624e87e7f6df3f35ed49a7048e9a1b3\n2790\n2026-10-15T23:43:57Z\n2026-10-16T01:43:57Z\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwIMlxtLv4+TBpymhlb3GXH3GFrzxC2c2kQSP4xNhRySiY9WyQgcVJmHYg4uqG5gYVksKBtJSJzwFqPNz8r06yMwg=\n"},"orcid_key_evidence":[],"attesting":null}