{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"a16bfb7ae3acc12b412bd0ece3a68987ddf46f816ba9e8fa2aa1775c2b22b119","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:08Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["04f218f38bbad6470edf3e2a8df57f1c11a6b3a9455a9b0733cea15aff82f7d3","5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"d388b665ae6747684376cb231598b0191e9f549bc8124caf82e1c2f2983ea6de","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"qft.confinement.center-vortex-dominance","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"contested","n":"1","parents":[{"note":"","parent_revision":"04f218f38bbad6470edf3e2a8df57f1c11a6b3a9455a9b0733cea15aff82f7d3","relation":"special_case"}],"plain":"For two-color gluons, keeping only vortex-like defects of the field reproduces nearly all of the confining force. For three colors, as in real QCD, it is unclear whether they account for all of it.","posed_since":"","precise":"In 4D pure $\\mathrm{SU}(3)$ lattice gauge theory, center projection after maximal center gauge yields a $Z_{3}$ link field whose Wilson loops define a vortex-only string tension $\\sigma_{vortex}$. Determine whether $\\sigma_{vortex}/\\sigma \\to 1$ in the continuum limit (lattice spacing $a \\to 0$), and whether this ratio is independent of the gauge-fixing procedure and Gribov copies.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"A continuum-extrapolated lattice measurement of $\\sigma_{\\mathrm{vortex}}/\\sigma$ with controlled dependence on gauge fixing and smoothing.","status_note":"SU(2) shows near-complete vortex dominance; in pure SU(3) projected vortices give about two thirds of the string tension, while with dynamical quarks they reproduce the full value (Biddle, Kamleh, Leinweber 2022); gauge-fixing and smoothing effects remain disputed.","title":"Do center vortices alone give the full SU(3) string tension","topic_ref":"76d9445640fcdddaf873735659f32eec87522b700e01144540417b9ab8366050"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"7984155fdc2e6258a56475996f8597f5d173520933ea8c7246c1cefb5219ca9b","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"ffa8ed7172023e5e9f12652aec150828e18d0d7f064978df6fd2dd31daa74835","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"IUapCAVOahgB25L692_T0jsy4t6Dhi1fl_8h8y9z2KdT_O7gsfnjMFHbcpx8N_rXbFn-EGOM5lB3bMGoWDc0Dw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"7984155fdc2e6258a56475996f8597f5d173520933ea8c7246c1cefb5219ca9b","leaf_index":1901}