{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"c95d7efcaf81e1128be5b1c1439b35e1b906a3c9c3c60d06b1e07159de9c7fbe","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:06Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"703c15dc71bc5ec5ee64e01b331a4104446d751b58a072dbd7a1d2223439c3c5","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"med.low-dose-risk.nontargeted-effects","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Cells that were never hit by radiation sometimes show damage because neighbours were hit. Whether this matters in a living body at low dose is unknown.","posed_since":"1992","precise":"Determine whether bystander signalling, genomic instability and abscopal responses change organ-level risk at doses below 10 rad in vivo, relative to the prediction from directly hit cells alone. Required: dose range, signalling distance in tissue, and persistence. An answer is a quantified modification factor or a demonstration that it is negligible.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"In vivo experiments with spatially restricted irradiation, such as microbeam or partial-body exposure, measuring effects in unirradiated tissue at low dose.","status_note":"","title":"In vivo relevance of bystander and non-targeted effects","topic_ref":"1948d946218d7c02b2c70b6b7a06d3d6deaab795dfb6694d5f7d48ccc81b63b1"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"7a2b342b400c7257235f0517844adb194fdb4f7874c262a0d22e74dd5de5009d","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"e2b1e54bec3ee59e1b97ac5675c26d3a1cbc9327bbd86d077791dd571ef932ea","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"qpScWpY1asL2KavWDt6qmzrM30LKAXomUSrSx0yvOxdBZfUWO-ieANAgbTwVt9_sLlF8djrOXg8MoB8HjqjBCQ"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"7a2b342b400c7257235f0517844adb194fdb4f7874c262a0d22e74dd5de5009d","leaf_index":1700}