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Correcting for it currently needs an x-ray scan of the skull.","posed_since":"2000","precise":"Achieve transcranial focal placement accurate to 1 mm and pressure prediction accurate to 10 percent at 0.2 to 1 MHz without computed tomography of the skull, by inferring the skull acoustic properties (sound speed $2.4\\,\\mathrm{x}\\,10^{5} \\text{ to } 3.0\\,\\mathrm{x}\\,10^{5}\\,\\mathrm{cm}/\\mathrm{s}$, density, absorption, shear conversion) from ultrasound or magnetic resonance data. An answer is a method with verified focal position and amplitude in human skulls.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Hydrophone measurement inside ex vivo human skulls, and in vivo displacement or thermometry confirmation, against the predicted focus.","status_note":"","title":"Transcranial focusing without a prior CT 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