{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"84fefe83826c4e3a32be4e7a7bbd30ca0eb9cf310f47a555c60533df4cc65b7c","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["c6d8496825d990027b7b5625c8fe39f1700448c168dc406ec923aa52ba3b7cec","ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b"],"salt":"35637d228fc1253b868ef88153c114d0fce9b11e708b13fd8cc00aae38cb10b6","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"mechanism","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"astro.interstellar-objects.oumuamua-acceleration","kind":"phenomenon","literature_status":"contested","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"'Oumuamua sped up slightly as it left the Sun, as comets do when gas jets off them, yet no gas or dust was seen. The push must come from something invisible to the instruments used.","posed_since":"2018","precise":"1I/'Oumuamua showed a radial non-gravitational acceleration of approximately $5x10^{-4}\\ \\mathrm{cm}/\\mathrm{s}^2$ at $1\\ \\mathrm{AU}$ scaling roughly as $r^{-2}$, with no detected coma and tight limits on CO, $\\mathrm{CO_2}$ and dust. Identify the cause: $\\mathrm{H_2}$ outgassing from radiolytically processed water ice, $\\mathrm{N_2}$ or $\\mathrm{H_2}$ ice composition, or radiation pressure on a very low-density body, consistent with its light curve, size and thermal limits.","problem_ref":"c6d8496825d990027b7b5625c8fe39f1700448c168dc406ec923aa52ba3b7cec","references":"","settled_by":"A model that fits the acceleration, the absence of detected gas and dust, and the light curve, tested on future similar objects with spectroscopic sensitivity to $\\mathrm{H_2}$ and $\\mathrm{N_2}$ outgassing.","status_note":"","title":"What caused the non-gravitational acceleration of 1I/'Oumuamua?","topic_ref":null},"content_withheld":"false","files":[],"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"9f0e4044e936dc2aeb6e9da7c1a81b56996ced8159892ee6f37845407de54e0d","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"id_token":null,"id_token_withheld":"false","envelope":{"attested_hash":"2b2ab362333c2a9b51c1f5e759f6589b1005b2dca7291b4c5deca27fa621b0e6","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"MEGxkAPVoxaemjivojK3sG78hsf8wLif-k1nUtcOAeSjkhpS_XE_9iWDgpSGt2nxhQESoCHsiHS_tocyis0pBw"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"ots":{"attested":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIKyqzYjM8KptRwfXnWfZYmxAFstynKRtMXeyif6YhsObwICswcEPvO5-KVM_xO08oRzfCZCeySn1d1zseEr-30KDoCPAgBTvDTELLZPA5hHD0ndxrlRenRzuaCtl_YBwRUXZxGNYI8SCiL8eLJWE9-9HlEXg8CPUbxim0dsmNqzYoDGws7D-4lQjxINSlH4ADZ4ZXQ1fIXE9Spw_PyFxCIZ5gJJY2wNGaLpUNCPAgG5pUkXOko-tubDoPxOSQQy-GNv6R3_MAVOORAuPlhJAI8CDE9RxDDuLRGrz05pqd7bEsypD51WWdLyGjzbYi2IWdYQjxIMhoWfPGstYw3Keh70T7fvP4lgFTgttM_Gzfl83V7x1QCPAg_wIiPkLJd3-DTpBID5KVkTGoJ2F0twCyomKLdpQPO3UI8CDsCcIzBovmyR1v7IXhYg1Z7m0X4dWZvLS_NU94HSk3sQjxIJdQdDsL3v2lA7qZb8kMJtOgaTQmbgchdPcS5lYJqDLnCPAgkPXX-naXR0fRIdS-sEDlzYmtMvSCNH42ESUF0QXb6NUI8CDQo_sIWZiWXaTGRSQBLmU-lHJKskYKqsjO1r02DhB8LAj_8Ajn9YmozHwo9QjwEJ46aM9ZDv3TdtqV3ZbRsNgI8SBOF8pILGf1kodr5MKmQs6Cd93joraGn3g6UPt_-kewPwjwIOG-gmM7bd_eR4AiDMNfluS3xvr7vicLR-sCBr5qtG2cCPAgrVNFrCoeQcCxhlmnE0BzHgR8HQpZAlfqzDDFzfWb8GUI8QRq0WWT8AjZJ2cF_c7k8ACD3-MNLvkMjiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ_AI9ZMS1zxd7IEI8BDd00WgJZ0RncsC1Fyai_4aCPEgvxMFrnu7F05IW5INiraQ3OVEYMjNx6JfBxw1Q4jPLi4I8QRq0WWS8Ag2zxPAtI5JsP8Ag9_jDS75DI4uLWh0dHBzOi8vYWxpY2UuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZwjxIHAnv4KFFf4uiYEFJvLxiMxSyz8VowJP4roTfDD9h7bICPAgj5tgvbNF7mxSP4jGGE66ezUFRLnI4g1VTkvuV4VtCPAI8CCxlc1HuKORuHgn7DYIYcDhc4oo99OkTWBEvddBypoa7AjwIFcjjaF8kDNDYCZGaNISlRjvX-I7in-QNwsr4JYQbFJvCPAgnl0k4gs7LuY5i1umiHO-J7My3uBThLJUWQoY9LdVSrQI8SA6-Ft11_K_GqMNWYhkVsVqCFvXSYbp4S8JoLsLBnUzvgjxIBC8_mAE7JBP35SNxDBcG7joLJwURpMxdV2vSO64_jEOCPEge04Coj1xSi7CE8UwqiBGNhPyZ5QdD_YZwn-heSdObU4I8SBgdDSgr3VUx1j8m_pK7-OzMwwFgXeLy43ujffCv-hf5AjwIMl-PnAt4xjoBEVU4-nkyN0NKRa9AvX4kEMfllFyIJS9CPFZAQAAAAHz4rV-uwQFg02bVnEMUFgpIdGKjM4tWuID1kTVnrjisAAAAAAA_v___wJURAIAAAAAABYAFBFys2oc0-U-bYrC3VulGLzND5fbAAAAAAAAAAAiaiDwBHLTDgAICPEgMJIBYi46xOIuFDwzJ9nOx14ngW5HbglUf65ORpkoIYcICPAgHgGWEGCDHWgscwT92NOoJ7s-ezbPkyiWr2RnYZDC_dwICPAgtffMyyLu-MscJsDc0dzwGspwSrrmvVAnMNgsgWhHClgICPAgMUl1OfBDUwhp5VZjHwVA0nuz1F5HZTUJCHAnM1L1F3MICPAgStK7UWpnrUueV5EaE7uE0y6BLMp6EANmrbhrTqEBZu8ICPAg5LVW7IHtUL5mNOvPx1hOTfLMmqlQ7t9EFW-KDtrISIQICPAgABgXZ6upFU8qiDQKFtQFpqkjKwl0PsxM4JUjVLlDKbkICPAgEwb96FiOhjlbwI8GFZQ4a5GXwxs4bUdqVOMKrtBWV30ICPEgqBg-wp0c8CAPV9k6J7wIa9_GtQfpWmhpE1zqFZyi2pQICPAg2pZLTVPGJbriiz0UhMytYDVYAXOgQnWDcrMOewK9O8cICPEgxm3QwzbvT4siJzubQGnST67bWv-exYwSPP1KDi7CaUwICPEgm6udUudfjUaM0gUFTylKGDMypj7ptMTG0zmxd_T5yTcICPAgMpOInkjFCVp1pOZhfZnyPAl8hdWGmHzQcrGLgLwSKLgICAAFiJYNc9cZAQPzpjs"],"envelope":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEI2xN9h9iKtC4HDU_RJ-0aFYb0eMvFg-LDvtkG8RJBD9jxINrbFoaW9RSQ0lAGNRG71U0de618IkKWeVwDPb6ryZFHCPAg2qsfM3V9DoSvigoBYN4KZAtGXin1WtWEr9JC93FPsOUI8CDHxbKO2By5994fj6V7WOYAuR6IRh1QYF_XmGrcxg_uBAjxICSDggza8XKd_zxzpr-N0JA22v1u5i3dZpw7jX8SlSoHCPAg9KOsR5itmWo6z0jFQlhmpfYOxETluNUZMgC_tfmrncAI8SAkw4-FKikdZ9yrVszVracDV3BTJTboMzt2UveSyZlRtwjwIMtN_WSs-pavrta_9vKxLs54fFvTCFo_EbbiRpbJsL8_CPAg286fbogvT8QZD8nJMDWZS1r_Vyg5Jg4hl47VhsL1_UQI8SCRZP0ctidqGb7ZjgNGhZ1hJpAMc97VLUvI8DuO4xChLwjxID89HsXrUag9eRv04qSQX18D2ak5pxDN4H8m3_0Qkp84CPAg3mczMYDKOd7Nhf3ojA9ZvuTsN66Y1NnyYTp9j8GKQNwI8SCvAiiN-Hrv7IEejd8wdUihoozu5KOvpoBFJ0vg3UnGAQj_8Ajn9YmozHwo9QjwEJ46aM9ZDv3TdtqV3ZbRsNgI8SBOF8pILGf1kodr5MKmQs6Cd93joraGn3g6UPt_-kewPwjwIOG-gmM7bd_eR4AiDMNfluS3xvr7vicLR-sCBr5qtG2cCPAgrVNFrCoeQcCxhlmnE0BzHgR8HQpZAlfqzDDFzfWb8GUI8QRq0WWT8AjZJ2cF_c7k8ACD3-MNLvkMjiwraHR0cHM6Ly9ib2IuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZ_AI9ZMS1zxd7IEI8BDd00WgJZ0RncsC1Fyai_4aCPEgvxMFrnu7F05IW5INiraQ3OVEYMjNx6JfBxw1Q4jPLi4I8QRq0WWS8Ag2zxPAtI5JsP8Ag9_jDS75DI4uLWh0dHBzOi8vYWxpY2UuYnRjLmNhbGVuZGFyLm9wZW50aW1lc3RhbXBzLm9yZwjxIHAnv4KFFf4uiYEFJvLxiMxSyz8VowJP4roTfDD9h7bICPAgj5tgvbNF7mxSP4jGGE66ezUFRLnI4g1VTkvuV4VtCPAI8CCxlc1HuKORuHgn7DYIYcDhc4oo99OkTWBEvddBypoa7AjwIFcjjaF8kDNDYCZGaNISlRjvX-I7in-QNwsr4JYQbFJvCPAgnl0k4gs7LuY5i1umiHO-J7My3uBThLJUWQoY9LdVSrQI8SA6-Ft11_K_GqMNWYhkVsVqCFvXSYbp4S8JoLsLBnUzvgjxIBC8_mAE7JBP35SNxDBcG7joLJwURpMxdV2vSO64_jEOCPEge04Coj1xSi7CE8UwqiBGNhPyZ5QdD_YZwn-heSdObU4I8SBgdDSgr3VUx1j8m_pK7-OzMwwFgXeLy43ujffCv-hf5AjwIMl-PnAt4xjoBEVU4-nkyN0NKRa9AvX4kEMfllFyIJS9CPFZAQAAAAHz4rV-uwQFg02bVnEMUFgpIdGKjM4tWuID1kTVnrjisAAAAAAA_v___wJURAIAAAAAABYAFBFys2oc0-U-bYrC3VulGLzND5fbAAAAAAAAAAAiaiDwBHLTDgAICPEgMJIBYi46xOIuFDwzJ9nOx14ngW5HbglUf65ORpkoIYcICPAgHgGWEGCDHWgscwT92NOoJ7s-ezbPkyiWr2RnYZDC_dwICPAgtffMyyLu-MscJsDc0dzwGspwSrrmvVAnMNgsgWhHClgICPAgMUl1OfBDUwhp5VZjHwVA0nuz1F5HZTUJCHAnM1L1F3MICPAgStK7UWpnrUueV5EaE7uE0y6BLMp6EANmrbhrTqEBZu8ICPAg5LVW7IHtUL5mNOvPx1hOTfLMmqlQ7t9EFW-KDtrISIQICPAgABgXZ6upFU8qiDQKFtQFpqkjKwl0PsxM4JUjVLlDKbkICPAgEwb96FiOhjlbwI8GFZQ4a5GXwxs4bUdqVOMKrtBWV30ICPEgqBg-wp0c8CAPV9k6J7wIa9_GtQfpWmhpE1zqFZyi2pQICPAg2pZLTVPGJbriiz0UhMytYDVYAXOgQnWDcrMOewK9O8cICPEgxm3QwzbvT4siJzubQGnST67bWv-exYwSPP1KDi7CaUwICPEgm6udUudfjUaM0gUFTylKGDMypj7ptMTG0zmxd_T5yTcICPAgMpOInkjFCVp1pOZhfZnyPAl8hdWGmHzQcrGLgLwSKLgICAAFiJYNc9cZAQPzpjs"]},"log":{"leaf_index":"2382","tree_size":"3804","proof":["498746c565701785f5ccf87f7eb9bddeb6d97f08d441afa79404898c109db42b","9e76bb2ef4dcdd9bdf14708d5619cbb21680bb9724088294648cac7392f9baec","2f33976eac984e477d3a165dbfcf34bb907399ecb1e251f46b2903413a65bbc8","4db7f1697411fea28a68bf50d8c7de799229349b8809142c0c7d496d6e5e6542","85dc25a1b813283502c6d297836e1f10d7e825e44e533ceb7fc7caf7aa247a84","e4f910b653b129f5422f292c995e91299e8e63499a7e77175a93b99f15b17854","54797267dc988bb974a7f9973996aa397c85209d28a911ca164e871ee58b0c37","0e333b0bb1d5b3a0837c7007c90874beee2fb89206b164572bfa2f0648b1cb1e","ad2bf8922b230304eb5887f66a1631d0d013048aef3d1e5c2bce55da65e76cef","453fe2db8b5276d732edac85634e8be036b4709a91a2584f32a4b9edcc8ca9de","325287f5a43e4f3ad4072ec4bd53d43c50c1393021a056122e9cb0fad83b868f","3c578dccc15502c5f3efe228cadc99fee76ab536ed01f66b14d316fdcc157429"],"checkpoint":"pubphys.com/log/v1\n3804\nAK6t4qgu96+M9wScTrIlsJ10d/zhKVEtYguyM3aeJvo=\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwIPP8EtoxgcsQg7V7CwIdL4UKPqJtpv+eB8sFNJjyQHIdyA1VabmBsPyLqq2bLxJPn57rA6fQi8y0QDDjRXHvlQg=\n","promise":"pubphys.com/log/v1 promise\n93f6a39570620a8025c07f95da009f819ac0adc3cd7924f866aaed767946e59b\n2382\n2026-10-15T23:43:57Z\n2026-10-16T01:43:57Z\n\n— pubphys.com/log/v1 JFPwINx9CoGufykBRZLJtbnAkjsagDKsDNasXRL3kECFtPinkFD2/s/rsmu87YlA8v5zfyNmDGFa3NWAk9RVra+WiQw=\n"},"orcid_key_evidence":[],"attesting":null}