{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"4834f1d67f447d8b62642288f7ec0772628c2055db38fd2f9e924ca91e76b52a","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:09Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"fe38348f5b553654214d3965ab2b6843f1485fd8a58047921299e3c9ff1c782c","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"qft.swampland.weak-gravity","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"partially-resolved","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"The conjecture says gravity must be the weakest force: some particle must feel electric repulsion stronger than its gravitational attraction. Whether this is a law of all quantum gravity theories is unproven.","posed_since":"2006","precise":"Weak gravity conjecture (Arkani-Hamed, Motl, Nicolis, Vafa 2006): every U(1) gauge theory coupled to gravity has a state with charge-to-mass ratio at least that of extremal black holes. Determine whether this holds in every consistent quantum gravity theory, and whether the sublattice or tower versions hold.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"A derivation from general principles (black hole thermodynamics, unitarity, holography), or a consistent theory violating it.","status_note":"Shown in perturbative string settings and supported by black-hole arguments; the strongest lattice version fails in some compactifications (2016), leaving sublattice and tower versions.","title":"Does the weak gravity conjecture hold in all quantum gravity theories","topic_ref":"21e6e3902bf52f5b90dc25819641c982c2ad6ab4e9dc1db2ec22e07322a801f0"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"c0f8afbdf72527f2370417e164c325c8a04f8ddcb394ddb1d747d3395b6275b4","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"dfc334f7bb24a4cdd8f4e09fa54ca4c0f7a91141196cda3e637f613de1b7998b","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"QObJk-0OsBb6xkpe9yvTXolFSDf-Fm03KjeV88dYivucMdfCrrsN6zQjbZG4HlEn_0Jv66NgOZ-JQDVbYk-PCQ"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"c0f8afbdf72527f2370417e164c325c8a04f8ddcb394ddb1d747d3395b6275b4","leaf_index":1964}