{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"26ea6990318d54ebf575ec7e92808b058ea983c6261f3d5106d27dff03ccf93b","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:01Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"009c1e895452d6972bd02fef92780f7d03b827ce1098108d37f8db35958c2147","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"classification","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"cm.wigner-crystal-2d.spin-order","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"open","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Electrons in the crystal can swap places by quantum tunneling, which couples their spins. Which spin arrangement results near the melting density, possibly a spin liquid (a state with no magnetic order even at zero temperature), is unknown.","posed_since":"","precise":"For the triangular 2D Wigner crystal at r_s_c < r_s < ~100, the spin Hamiltonian is a ring-exchange model with competing two-, three-, four-, five- and six-particle exchange constants $J_k(r_s)$. Determine its ground state (ferromagnet, 120-degree antiferromagnet, or spin liquid) versus $r_s$, including the effect of screening by nearby gates.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Path-integral Monte Carlo exchange constants with error bars used in large-scale numerics (DMRG or tensor networks) of the ring-exchange model, or a measurement of the spin susceptibility of an imaged Wigner crystal.","status_note":"","title":"Magnetic ground state of the 2D Wigner crystal near 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