{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"2ecb9d5eb0dd4d7d04b4a56fd4e35b5343388e7dcb27d4a9db2c2a66c6b59dd0","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:58Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"77cb6a8c7bcd0179693aa75cb8014ede84ed3447855a1a687aa064655a2a742e","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"cm.altermagnets.ruo2-magnetic-state","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"contested","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"RuO2 was the first proposed metallic altermagnet, but muon and neutron measurements find no magnetic order in bulk crystals. Signals reported in thin films might come from surfaces or defects.","posed_since":"","precise":"Determine whether stoichiometric rutile RuO2 has collinear antiferromagnetic order with Ru moment above $1e-3\\,\\mu_B$, in bulk and in epitaxial films; if not, identify the origin of the anomalous Hall, spin-splitting torque and spin-resolved ARPES signals reported in films. An answer is a moment value or upper bound per sample type and a mechanism for the film signals.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Muon, neutron and resonant x-ray measurements on the same films used for transport, combined with depth-resolved magnetic probes.","status_note":"Muon spin rotation and neutron diffraction (2024, arXiv:2405.10820) bound the bulk moment near $1e-4\\,\\mu_{\\mathrm{B}}$ per Ru; a 2026 preprint (arXiv:2604.10659) attributes film signals to surface ferrimagnetism.","title":"Is RuO2 an altermagnet?","topic_ref":"d1dd3aa250598657e4ca48074d196bb1f90d067794af9030bd5e3fb91972b41a"},"content_withheld":"false","files":[],"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"c6b4d2931e6c107dea5a127316de0338f5285234e58f980d6ed89323002c63e6","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"id_token":null,"id_token_withheld":"false","envelope":{"attested_hash":"de5d3bcb38d1548a49119c5463092abbeb84c36a7783f5af893095562fa24ce8","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"QA025LgAemC4Dz0gaRyzw5w3qnNHl4vmDBV2OLPgHpxg_x0opXP2yxQJH7QyGJHuRr9cFuj5FRtEnYFrEoxBBQ"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"ots":{"attested":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEI3l07yzjRVIpJEZxUYwkqu-uEw2p3g_WviTCVVi-iTOjxIN5V0t-zI7-U7yU_coyR6R1BB_-gC8fjtTcCRosm7BqeCPEgpfO-uS0YyQZaPiH9PNXRmQTcmCt2AyJwZsA9ko1QC-cI8SDnz9BzNvVHYFUu2x1Giw10NAUY8m8ypirPqI9ChJLr5QjwIOWRrLIP6WlQpI_m2lVnlXXTi7SAcRwJh_yGYpdxk1ioCPEgIK9HqiHNGGUmyoyzPRO4jnEo_ZHuiyv-i9wDf9CfUWkI8SB_0bTLrtvJLFz5AnC4KdVrSWHmYhwn2Um2PYuJji7msgjxIL2juZzvImwk0oepnv6oZjAAGUNu9dundknFtPoYYnjFCPAgc39AeNtG5oegBgCOZMeNHSz7reYigBqi6556iOsWp2kI8CCoahAZNQNYu2Y_acHP7f8i7DMCAPi7QeYPsDQmFOUZcgjxIOUdEg6sSGuGAwm6byKNwNSH-CaFtay_ppzVi8InqIsBCPEgUZCxxJx-baWw4JFRfzCCtSjPn4ATBx_3FQi1O2Yo4-8I8SAQuuTPkAGyvS_wKMy9BtKvnki2puESdY2vXem8hT1uIQjwIBGYo5Vxy-d7U5zKv5vp3Ii7hJPH_BDLCzA13c47p9q7CP_wCHbghVgOFMuNCPAQPZK2lHbTMqcCYUotzOQcmQjwIJ7ruRIs6HnufKxCpmLUgeUl0aUu0ov4_3PqcppS-bddCPEgI530vHzdwz_3o9jYQ3WablSaV64Wfn7Pmby5WLyI-A0I8QRqwKw78AhITF7Tr3a1xP8Ag9_jDS75DI4sK2h0dHBzOi8vYm9iLmJ0Yy5jYWxlbmRhci5vcGVudGltZXN0YW1wcy5vcmcI8CBXWeNiWFWltfHE0nkDXsVKIykUUwuObhsnN-2fvBt98gjwIM5Vf7j68sOFgVysYMc5S09Hho-fqxYW3oQ4oKUX7JpPCPAgaKHHQB3sdd9w1hu4NMh7vmb-p0X2r4uyVKKCj1G7S28I8SAW2Mg6Bzi9ygjrrjIYB7w90fwMcxH24SsqLmzPyAMGfwjwIMQ863zlveYIpNKWVrZaDOa4vowwoOg2CcTW8gXtxK3dCPEgrZxGGAf-t8jhz_eLMUyBN1IhNrdYDRcNHWvQcwNG9woI8CCVOUHG1YXudbaFIgUYvrCIevRWvb2ubhQAo-z0duD0rQjxIDBeKerVGkO3J2eXDwdraSioXbIWsdIPEN1s8pIwJIS2CPAgV2kB3n3JZ5HwBQjpRL1CWKnqvdCjZk3RcALk6N2wHigI8CB-wbljNlfqElD25uZkNg6taS81YDRU2vfMqGVQ420O9AjxWQEAAAABJM43UU6MLMRrPlCUqossvu1q_knons5yylyWTgxZzWUAAAAAAP7___8CLgABAAAAAAAWABQrYt3E7OllKRCEmL3FL589l78_5wAAAAAAAAAAImog8ATiyw4ACAjxILmbcIO7ixv3pCtwUMZ1VQGKus54F9lZ8-w5ECD5ZuiICAjwIG6ynCyFTLPE7Rgk-0ZGCtBDyqNQx8YvaSZNHy8D8p8jCAjwIMX8zoD2Be1YWvcx_bexVPRmBX0hK-do8b8t9SarimQVCAjxIG6XtpqIEclLlhzcK1LVjqoPGrjjmLnyno8tcETMzECECAjwIF6mlfXOFY51JhrK4eze8zQlKV75OYZYqbtyi8BWxmAsCAjwIKKUcJmVoz-u-geiRV_-ZHdF0VEPXaEPFWf_JX_0e7G2CAjxIGMeD0Z5QWNKBcAEpHht007FFIILW6aSJ8f3CMkKNsneCAjwIBFr6Je8rkB7kwhPGbq0yRgFwZsvW9JhY5sXDRtrq0QwCAjwIAHAwXaus-yUgKICJB5mVvx8VZuJgjwnpb0qWPg1pi6DCAjxIAJhb8cefkVHTAMymdsxa-_i-tUua62LcpALQnPG7R9_CAjwIDvsFqBhPfAL6TCtXZd7gBWmMpx6iiZ-Ug0Jf_LlcstgCAjwIDJRBX6Q0Vge-ra-k1_g76yJWTEp6WWF13I3JpTnsZPJCAjwILykZCbkC9VQgl5gytPKKir6T9nTvKR6y05iWSHBTQgzCAgABYiWDXPXGQED45c78Ah-sGbmQAwfZwjwEAYqxtHnZiPZnJEGPx_JvKsI8SDXkqDg17YsZIrEz5acRx7mBXCKW5mKNgRYnw_-U2cpDgjxBGrArDrwCEfK6Mono428_wCD3-MNLvkMji4taHR0cHM6Ly9hbGljZS5idGMuY2FsZW5kYXIub3BlbnRpbWVzdGFtcHMub3JnCPAg10nyJ6Jn4kshQQQCKE0Lvj3hBC6nLRBVIzaPV4eh8VwI8CCQaAqWlxEbac_XOq1MOlf9iOKHEsxXspzbjK0vLpy8BwjwII3iRbRXUcDxrhAdkZmFlI15nySCSEZ7g922tF1Xln5DCPEgYYvZ1L4v4rPu_UqLfcHPtwSb2OH2GhPgVcVhhH6DpkQI8CDZCIoR20sC-uchP40oAmcLm9EJFV7xzwplj54AeVadXQjxILvLBjPFpCoz29m9Yf2qRnV7PI9GqxE8ozVQfk9QwCqrCPEgZXcMudvEoB_MJ8tqOW2PLTKAIeQBnE-1bfzptRc2gR8I8VkBAAAAAfXq-bmxWqOz7B5wKkwjzHGv2R4s7Y0Z76LqXWYNhmz0AAAAAAD-____Av0cAAAAAAAAFgAUl-skmdZDtn7Hnub6mF4HP2uVn7oAAAAAAAAAACJqIPAE4MsOAAgI8CBDmQsbEXc46Hu8DivhCBM1LGExa4TTM-wo7HpoCVjBTQgI8CCty5vkQtPHzzs8xqArOYhVSjgaDoG1ou3cojv5_P7wQQgI8SDQWB0kdXCTwbk-TqTt0QfRMyzDNLOtU1XXFgvGSRlW8wgI8CC2PKa_QCIBZtrXodq1GdEzppISMsMRDOnzr2gFjLKOAAgI8CCwQ_QF67bcFk_uJ2s0VCZmf5PGIjTmTCpt_qnVY5p_8AgI8SAbzyx7z-oxPMju6PvtQhzrJIQyH2ZAc9oyLuYemzbmZQgI8CC5bh7J74uUk91r8LwybHQFCNBC3PWeuwtMCCNFKWj19AgI8SAf4R2TUNPjaX_PWDUImpoITK0JoW89zaMKnD1wlEEi8AgI8SC2vNmdm7eyP5Ytl1yTzT0njliMdALl1ViKG-s3bG2zswgI8CCpbIVNz1GFVXdJk2zd82hBUoNFFemUPBt7IJdWEOciPwgI8CBtYdRQcrtX1FtCm1SxF7sx-5cO04U8KzbJh8fqBkyReAgI8CBHs2LGmX6gI-lV7yp1RrV7_tGfdiBAwnEFF6B6yXHzAQgI8CATotVmbXBMAixhZ-QKy5Q4lR0FusdA_wcIC1TbB7GmxAgIAAWIlg1z1xkBA-KXOw"],"envelope":["AE9wZW5UaW1lc3RhbXBzAABQcm9vZgC_ieLohOiSlAEIalrySyrc1WP8A87TPna1DKAg8gDqHKccmIUF2fXtdRbwIGqAlSTkd6i_85sYKbWCsVtABnewJLQfa3GWS03HQoPKCPAgN0E0PFT0oUPmhvu3aP0B_1rX4owX1LuT6jjwIfNae34I8CDEvPT6QGkgI8vaH5cH3bTaqqlkohlDkjjAnWK9NHoAvwjxIHW7A8gz48eS6UiadyJ5aOKYxK4fDvrMy7IzjcbDxeKpCPEgRwzrf4kDeBjkygBOZ6F96z9Kr3eFPYvZn9p0juwsEQsI8CBYkw_-BqgF09NnWIP7iRTf_WYRYpi6daujvp1zpMXrmAjxIMufD-sASMRwZ1QAT8_9W4zjme7IudDp4stHqdu8YDpjCPEgP7VjUg8YiqxLJlXzPi_gyM6U9DjD0Yt_ngsXDn9aqYAI8CBPLfD1TsHdjhkyZ9iTm9m5GTCSBT-7GhYUfap1vptsnQjxINBAKCf3cKChW811B6TkfdlxdONUiLQA88uJMnPer4KuCPEgytIBB3x7TFDT-XqOV-9vpqw1NKoAu0dhtsCbAMql2L0I8CCtNZgmApuKULvPC9nsMCaM05arV-F3o5FTlnJCnRvdMgjwIBGYo5Vxy-d7U5zKv5vp3Ii7hJPH_BDLCzA13c47p9q7CP_wCHbghVgOFMuNCPAQPZK2lHbTMqcCYUotzOQcmQjwIJ7ruRIs6HnufKxCpmLUgeUl0aUu0ov4_3PqcppS-bddCPEgI530vHzdwz_3o9jYQ3WablS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