{"schema":"pubphys.bundle/1","record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"42304650c1cfa1a94acae52081bb8141d2d252e55ac1d51f03968847e64c19b4","created":"2026-10-15T23:43:22Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":["ai:gpt-5.5"],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["ce59fb6cd812fc05906d0c60a71c75ea22bc686bcf38e7c3ef7010834d98ee7b","dcfbb5294f3cf4fe3391ebc27b2d6b1d5f968b2e6cd83090ec46a66dbc2fec17"],"salt":"183ba7707b18ea2d3266a2506c5974fd22ff965473b6ce5b4b6e07b0a584b242","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"yes-no","assisted_by":["ai:gpt-5.5"],"external_id":"hep.dama-modulation.analysis-artifact","kind":"well-posed","literature_status":"contested","n":"2","parents":[],"plain":"DAMA subtracts each year's average rate before looking for a yearly wave; if the true rate drifts slowly, this step can manufacture a wave that is not there. The question is whether this explains all or part of the signal.","posed_since":"2020","precise":"DAMA forms residuals by subtracting the annual mean rate per energy bin, cycle by cycle (roughly September to September). For a time-dependent background $B(t)$ (e.g., decaying cosmogenic or radiogenic components, or slow gain drift), this procedure induces a sawtooth residual whose fit to $A$ $\\mathrm{cos}(2 \\pi (t - t0)/1\\,\\mathrm{yr})$ can give a nonzero A with a phase that depends on $\\mathrm{d}B/\\mathrm{d}t$. An answer is a quantitative yes or no: whether a background evolution consistent with DAMA's published spectra and stability data reproduces the reported amplitude and phase.","problem_ref":"dcfbb5294f3cf4fe3391ebc27b2d6b1d5f968b2e6cd83090ec46a66dbc2fec17","references":"","settled_by":"Analysis of DAMA's absolute, non-subtracted single-hit rate versus time per energy bin, or a full forward model of the DAMA background evolution fitted to their data.","status_note":"Buttazzo, Panci, Rossi and Strumia (JHEP 2020) showed the mechanism can produce a modulation, and COSINE-100 (Sci. Rep. 2023) showed that applying the DAMA method to COSINE-100 data induces an artificial modulation; DAMA and Messina, Nardecchia and Piacentini (JCAP 2020) dispute that it applies to DAMA data.","title":"Can DAMA's background subtraction create a spurious yearly 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