{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"cf660b9d9fa8f7757b2e6bde834879e778e647f098726c53a15308e07cddd513","created":"2026-10-03T07:18:00Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"c70686be8a551dc666f783789cecc33fa541d0ffe04b7966184d9f8bfbba486f","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"mechanism","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"cm.kitaev-materials.thermal-hall-carriers","kind":"phenomenon","literature_status":"contested","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Heat flowing through $\\alpha$-RuCl3 in a magnetic field is deflected sideways, an effect called the thermal Hall effect. It is unclear whether the sideways heat is carried by Majorana fermions of a spin liquid, by magnons (spin waves) or by phonons (lattice vibrations).","posed_since":"2018","precise":"In alpha-RuCl3 with field H of 60 to 120 kOe in the honeycomb plane and T of 2 to 20 K, identify the carriers responsible for $\\kappa_{xy}(T,H)$: chiral Majorana edge modes, topological magnons, or phonons with field-induced Berry curvature or Hall viscosity. An answer is a microscopic model that reproduces $\\kappa_{xy}(T,H)$ and its dependence on field angle, sample quality and $\\kappa_{xx}$ across published samples.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Measurements of $\\kappa_{xy}$ on many samples with characterized stacking, combined with phonon and magnon calculations from the measured spin Hamiltonian, that isolate one dominant channel.","status_note":"Phonon (Lefrancois et al., PRX 2022) and magnon (Czajka et al., Nature Materials 2023) explanations compete with the Majorana interpretation; Shragai et al. (Nature 2026) measured a phonon Hall viscosity that accounts for a substantial fraction of $\\kappa_{xy}$.","title":"What carries the thermal Hall signal in $\\alpha$-RuCl3?","topic_ref":"8a920d20c87cdaf1da8d81ec58f05a8787f99b7ca6e234e7f5eef3a4d6c67048"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"d2c0015a32005f194573e0365b5df5ce5384fd68d97702d4cdd2a2f57594eb35","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"547201b3aa4b885ee2cdb8a8c9775cbe03546c062fee3d884c4ee8f0bf7c1df9","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"z7BMIEfqFAf7cQbuzW3vAgH8ICAkf68OARtMq0p5Abod-lxYi-R2T7mKk7s6ON0XBMZZ-tV-b1tFVy1Ihb4DBA"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"d2c0015a32005f194573e0365b5df5ce5384fd68d97702d4cdd2a2f57594eb35","leaf_index":1058}