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How fast it works inside a crowded nucleus, and how long loops last, has been measured at only a few sites.","posed_since":"","precise":"Measure, genome-wide in living mammalian cells, the cohesin extrusion speed (kb/s), residence time on chromatin, and the fraction of time a CTCF-anchored loop is fully formed, and test whether polymer simulations with these parameters reproduce Hi-C contact maps (contact probability P(s) and domain boundaries) without refitting. Answer: values with uncertainties and the outcome of the consistency test.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Live-cell imaging of many loci, or time-resolved contact mapping after acute cohesin release, combined with parameter-free polymer simulation.","status_note":"Live imaging of one mouse locus (2022) found the fully looped state present only a few percent of the time; genome-wide in vivo rates remain open.","title":"Speed and lifetime of loop extrusion inside living 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