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Whether this holds for ordinary qubits and other models is disputed.","posed_since":"2014","precise":"For magic-state injection with odd-prime-dimension qudits, contextuality of the injected state is necessary for universal quantum computation (Howard, Wallman, Veitch, Emerson, Nature 2014). Determine whether an analogous necessity theorem holds for qubits, where stabilizer operations are themselves state-independently contextual, and for measurement-based and Hamiltonian models, with a quantitative relation between a contextuality measure and classical simulation cost.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"A theorem tying a contextuality monotone to classical simulation cost for qubit circuits, with matching simulation algorithms.","status_note":"","title":"Is contextuality the resource behind quantum computational 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