{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.topic/1","content_sha256":"39935f1ba245025b78894a2875b483cb23e2ceda71534cbdaaec8b5af7d0834a","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:50Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":[],"salt":"560537af32a52c23a876ee839f25121f27a6444ffea86ff7590c183e326002e2","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"topic"},"content":{"external_id":"astro.cosmic-ray-origins","field":"astro","n":"1","review_cite":"R. Alves Batista et al., Open questions in cosmic-ray research at ultrahigh energies, Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 2019","review_link":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06714","review_verified":"true","summary":"Atomic nuclei reach Earth with energies up to $3e20\\,\\mathrm{eV}$, the kinetic energy of a thrown tennis ball packed into one particle. Which objects in our galaxy and beyond accelerate them is mostly unknown.","title":"Origin of Galactic and ultra-high-energy cosmic rays","topic_ref":null,"why":"Cosmic rays identify the most energetic accelerators in nature and test particle collisions far above collider energies."},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"f43296f47e522e13af620cd00eea18765794669715c801e5fb034a7d89800844","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"d4d54580be09589ed4f7304c312210a4a61333d7399f06c4fb9776e653c88367","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"0PV6AuiBmuHjiUgWVu6VUfXhFMwG2ZX20UnqesO11sXm0lBQkt059HZ6Yb6xZ0TAkzqJ01DJ50AKggLWy-bUCQ"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"f43296f47e522e13af620cd00eea18765794669715c801e5fb034a7d89800844","leaf_index":34}