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In warm dense matter different theories disagree by large factors on how long that takes.","posed_since":"","precise":"For hydrogen and carbon at density 1 to 100 $\\mathrm{g}/\\mathrm{cm}^3$ and temperature 1 to 100 eV, where the ion coupling parameter is near 1 and the electron degeneracy parameter $T/E_{F}$ is near 1, determine the electron-ion energy exchange rate relative to the Landau-Spitzer value. Quantum kinetic theories, coupled-mode treatments and ab initio molecular dynamics differ by up to several times. An answer is a measured rate with 20 percent precision compared with theory.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Time-resolved X-ray scattering measurements of $T_{\\mathrm{e}}$ and $T_{\\mathrm{i}}$ relaxation in isochorically heated samples, matched by one theory.","status_note":"","title":"Electron-ion temperature relaxation rate in warm dense 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