{"record":{"author":{"account_ref":null,"orcid":null},"builds_on":[],"content_schema":"pubphys.content.revision/1","content_sha256":"da1ba18e2f17fb96fb4f387d246ba3cf3ab65e07a776f17a54144185d9dd23e0","created":"2026-10-03T07:17:54Z","files":[],"origin":{"assisted_by":[],"kind":"seed"},"parents":["5475cf5dc5b1a72283d26dc95dc6e00d7ea4e00096a7c6492e409a1816eeb011"],"salt":"7774145d3ad0d8bc9c8cdfa1f46f84784fd386daa5b3552ef9d0fef11d0bb5e5","schema":"pubphys.record/2","site":"pubphys.com","target":null,"type":"revision"},"content":{"answer_type":"identification","assisted_by":[],"external_id":"astro.compact-binary-origins.mass-peak-35","kind":"phenomenon","literature_status":"contested","n":"1","parents":[],"plain":"Merging black holes pile up near 35 solar masses, more than a smooth distribution would give; this could mark the pile-up just below the pair-instability gap or a feature of one formation route.","posed_since":"2021","precise":"Population analyses of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA catalogs find a peak near $35\\,M_{\\mathrm{sun}}$ in the primary-mass distribution, below the $\\sim 40\\text{ to }50\\,M_{\\mathrm{sun}}$ where standard pulsational pair-instability models put the pile-up. Determine whether the peak is the pair-instability pile-up shifted by nuclear-rate or wind physics, a signature of a channel such as globular-cluster dynamics, or a core-collapse fallback feature. Answer: an identification that predicts the peak location, width and any redshift dependence.","problem_ref":null,"references":"","settled_by":"Measurement of the peak location versus redshift and spin with a catalog of order 1e3 events, compared with channel predictions.","status_note":"","title":"What produces the excess of merging black holes near 35 solar masses?","topic_ref":"daba472bb0b714510fff4a7bb5a67935cfcb27a99af5cf911b7cdf92f4674c82"},"attested":{"attestation":{"batch":null,"client_id":null,"id_token_sha256":null,"kind":"platform"},"record_hash":"ff2e1233e790554ae8919aa8b59cf43552508a5d54741b831c0fad63057b0db6","schema":"pubphys.attested/1"},"envelope":{"attested_hash":"77ba6f1bc193d93249cbfa037065d06f601dfd753e389d2f16743ab1d68aa880","platform_signature":{"key_id":"c6afc19b31429869751f06879c75cd64ea92654423d15b44be775bf1310a60da","sig":"BuYov5-QbpVABtZArRZGnfy7VQULbTgWM-wVfnhdjaZjTIWMM_J_tMVozPiwFR6u8WXmjcGo1hlqm0lJf875DA"},"schema":"pubphys.envelope/1"},"record_hash":"ff2e1233e790554ae8919aa8b59cf43552508a5d54741b831c0fad63057b0db6","leaf_index":497}