Revision 1

Accepted · first revision · record

Title: Replica symmetry breaking in multimode-cavity spin glasses
Plain: Atoms in a cavity with many light modes interact with random signs, like the frustrated magnets called spin glasses and like associative-memory networks. The question is whether they show the hallmark of a true spin glass.
Precise: Transversely pumped atoms in a confocal multimode cavity realizing all-to-all couplings $J_{ij}$ with random signs (Sherrington-Kirkpatrick or Hopfield type). Measure the overlap distribution $P(q)$ between replicas (repeated preparations with the same $J_{ij}$) and determine whether it has continuous support (replica symmetry breaking) and whether it reflects equilibrium or a driven-dissipative steady state. The equilibrium Parisi solution is the comparison, not the question. Answer: $P(q)$ with an independent test of equilibration.
Settled by: Replica-overlap measurements across many disorder realizations with checks of fluctuation-dissipation relations.
Kind: well-posed
Answer type: yes-no
References: (empty)
Literature status: partially-resolved
Status note: Replica symmetry breaking and an ultrametric overlap structure were observed in a driven-dissipative vector spin glass (Kroeze et al., Science 2025), and an Ising cavity spin glass was realized (Marsh et al., PRL 2025); the relation to equilibrium Parisi theory is open.
Posed since: (empty)